获取 Keras model.summary() 作为表

我在 Keras 中创建了相当大的模型，我正在用 LaTeX 写一篇关于它的文章。为了很好地描述 LaTeX 中的 keras 模型，我想用它创建一个 LaTeX 表。我可以手动实现它，但我想知道是否有任何“更好”的方法来实现这一点。

我四处寻找，发现了一些帖子，例如Keras model.summary( ) 有一个不错的输出吗？ https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56360776/is-there-a-nice-output-of-keras-model-summary通过绘制图像来解决。然而我想把它作为文本数据（是的，拥有MRE https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example:) ），表格看起来更好并且格式也更好。如果有类似的事情，最好的选择是：statsmodels 总结到 Latex https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30011618/statsmodels-summary-to-latex。但是我无法找到任何转换方法model.summary()输出到表格表示。

我在想是否有一种方法可以将其转换为 pandas 数据帧，然后可以使用df.to_latex()。我尝试过这样做model.to_json()，但此函数不会返回有关输出形状的任何信息model.summary()印刷。这是我的尝试：

df = pd.DataFrame(model.to_json())
df2 = pd.DataFrame(df.loc["layers","config"])
#for example select filters, need to do it like this as it is not always contained
filters = ["-" if "filters" not in x else x["filters"] for x in df2.loc[:,"config"]]

The model.to_json()为我的模型返回以下 json：

{"class_name": "Model", "config": {"name": "Discriminator", "layers": [{"name": "input_3", "class_name": "InputLayer", "config": {"batch_input_shape": [null, 256, 256, 1], "dtype": "float32", "sparse": false, "name": "input_3"}, "inbound_nodes": []}, {"name": "input_4", "class_name": "InputLayer", "config": {"batch_input_shape": [null, 256, 256, 1], "dtype": "float32", "sparse": false, "name": "input_4"}, "inbound_nodes": []}, {"name": "concatenate_2", "class_name": "Concatenate", "config": {"name": "concatenate_2", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "axis": -1}, "inbound_nodes": [[["input_3", 0, 0, {}], ["input_4", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "conv2d_6", "class_name": "Conv2D", "config": {"name": "conv2d_6", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "filters": 8, "kernel_size": [4, 4], "strides": [2, 2], "padding": "same", "data_format": "channels_last", "dilation_rate": [1, 1], "activation": "linear", "use_bias": true, "kernel_initializer": {"class_name": "VarianceScaling", "config": {"scale": 1.0, "mode": "fan_avg", "distribution": "uniform", "seed": null}}, "bias_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "kernel_regularizer": null, "bias_regularizer": null, "activity_regularizer": null, "kernel_constraint": null, "bias_constraint": null}, "inbound_nodes": [[["concatenate_2", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "leaky_re_lu_5", "class_name": "LeakyReLU", "config": {"name": "leaky_re_lu_5", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "alpha": 0.20000000298023224}, "inbound_nodes": [[["conv2d_6", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "conv2d_7", "class_name": "Conv2D", "config": {"name": "conv2d_7", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "filters": 16, "kernel_size": [4, 4], "strides": [2, 2], "padding": "same", "data_format": "channels_last", "dilation_rate": [1, 1], "activation": "linear", "use_bias": true, "kernel_initializer": {"class_name": "VarianceScaling", "config": {"scale": 1.0, "mode": "fan_avg", "distribution": "uniform", "seed": null}}, "bias_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "kernel_regularizer": null, "bias_regularizer": null, "activity_regularizer": null, "kernel_constraint": null, "bias_constraint": null}, "inbound_nodes": [[["leaky_re_lu_5", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "leaky_re_lu_6", "class_name": "LeakyReLU", "config": {"name": "leaky_re_lu_6", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "alpha": 0.20000000298023224}, "inbound_nodes": [[["conv2d_7", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "batch_normalization_4", "class_name": "BatchNormalization", "config": {"name": "batch_normalization_4", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "axis": -1, "momentum": 0.8, "epsilon": 0.001, "center": true, "scale": true, "beta_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "gamma_initializer": {"class_name": "Ones", "config": {}}, "moving_mean_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "moving_variance_initializer": {"class_name": "Ones", "config": {}}, "beta_regularizer": null, "gamma_regularizer": null, "beta_constraint": null, "gamma_constraint": null}, "inbound_nodes": [[["leaky_re_lu_6", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "conv2d_8", "class_name": "Conv2D", "config": {"name": "conv2d_8", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "filters": 32, "kernel_size": [4, 4], "strides": [2, 2], "padding": "same", "data_format": "channels_last", "dilation_rate": [1, 1], "activation": "linear", "use_bias": true, "kernel_initializer": {"class_name": "VarianceScaling", "config": {"scale": 1.0, "mode": "fan_avg", "distribution": "uniform", "seed": null}}, "bias_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "kernel_regularizer": null, "bias_regularizer": null, "activity_regularizer": null, "kernel_constraint": null, "bias_constraint": null}, "inbound_nodes": [[["batch_normalization_4", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "leaky_re_lu_7", "class_name": "LeakyReLU", "config": {"name": "leaky_re_lu_7", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "alpha": 0.20000000298023224}, "inbound_nodes": [[["conv2d_8", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "batch_normalization_5", "class_name": "BatchNormalization", "config": {"name": "batch_normalization_5", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "axis": -1, "momentum": 0.8, "epsilon": 0.001, "center": true, "scale": true, "beta_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "gamma_initializer": {"class_name": "Ones", "config": {}}, "moving_mean_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "moving_variance_initializer": {"class_name": "Ones", "config": {}}, "beta_regularizer": null, "gamma_regularizer": null, "beta_constraint": null, "gamma_constraint": null}, "inbound_nodes": [[["leaky_re_lu_7", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "conv2d_9", "class_name": "Conv2D", "config": {"name": "conv2d_9", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "filters": 64, "kernel_size": [4, 4], "strides": [2, 2], "padding": "same", "data_format": "channels_last", "dilation_rate": [1, 1], "activation": "linear", "use_bias": true, "kernel_initializer": {"class_name": "VarianceScaling", "config": {"scale": 1.0, "mode": "fan_avg", "distribution": "uniform", "seed": null}}, "bias_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "kernel_regularizer": null, "bias_regularizer": null, "activity_regularizer": null, "kernel_constraint": null, "bias_constraint": null}, "inbound_nodes": [[["batch_normalization_5", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "leaky_re_lu_8", "class_name": "LeakyReLU", "config": {"name": "leaky_re_lu_8", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "alpha": 0.20000000298023224}, "inbound_nodes": [[["conv2d_9", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "batch_normalization_6", "class_name": "BatchNormalization", "config": {"name": "batch_normalization_6", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "axis": -1, "momentum": 0.8, "epsilon": 0.001, "center": true, "scale": true, "beta_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "gamma_initializer": {"class_name": "Ones", "config": {}}, "moving_mean_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "moving_variance_initializer": {"class_name": "Ones", "config": {}}, "beta_regularizer": null, "gamma_regularizer": null, "beta_constraint": null, "gamma_constraint": null}, "inbound_nodes": [[["leaky_re_lu_8", 0, 0, {}]]]}, {"name": "conv2d_10", "class_name": "Conv2D", "config": {"name": "conv2d_10", "trainable": true, "dtype": "float32", "filters": 1, "kernel_size": [4, 4], "strides": [1, 1], "padding": "same", "data_format": "channels_last", "dilation_rate": [1, 1], "activation": "linear", "use_bias": true, "kernel_initializer": {"class_name": "VarianceScaling", "config": {"scale": 1.0, "mode": "fan_avg", "distribution": "uniform", "seed": null}}, "bias_initializer": {"class_name": "Zeros", "config": {}}, "kernel_regularizer": null, "bias_regularizer": null, "activity_regularizer": null, "kernel_constraint": null, "bias_constraint": null}, "inbound_nodes": [[["batch_normalization_6", 0, 0, {}]]]}], "input_layers": [["input_3", 0, 0], ["input_4", 0, 0]], "output_layers": [["conv2d_10", 0, 0]]}, "keras_version": "2.3.1", "backend": "tensorflow"}

虽然我想要model.summary()- 类似信息：

Model: "Discriminator"
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Layer (type)                    Output Shape         Param #     Connected to                     
==================================================================================================
input_3 (InputLayer)            (None, 256, 256, 1)  0                                            
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
input_4 (InputLayer)            (None, 256, 256, 1)  0                                            
...

如果我将摘要输出转换为字符串，也许有一些好方法（Keras model.summary() 对象转字符串 https://stackoverflow.com/q/41665799/3157428）并解析字符串输出？

我编写了一个方法来修改 model.summary() 输出，以便可以将其复制到乳胶并且看起来与原始版本相同（除了行之间的间距有点小）。

def m2tex(model):
    stringlist = []
    model.summary(line_length=70, print_fn=lambda x: stringlist.append(x))
    del stringlist[1:-4:2]
    del stringlist[-1]
    for ix in range(1,len(stringlist)-3):
        tmp = stringlist[ix]
        stringlist[ix] = tmp[0:31]+"& "+tmp[31:59]+"& "+tmp[59:]+"\\\\ \hline"
    stringlist[0] = "Model: test \\\\ \hline"
    stringlist[1] = stringlist[1]+" \hline"
    stringlist[-4] = stringlist[-4]+" \hline"
    stringlist[-3] = stringlist[-3]+" \\\\"
    stringlist[-2] = stringlist[-2]+" \\\\"
    stringlist[-1] = stringlist[-1]+" \\\\ \hline"
    prefix = ["\\begin{table}[]", "\\begin{tabular}{lll}"]
    suffix = ["\end{tabular}", "\caption{Model summary for test.}", "\label{tab:model-summary}" , "\end{table}"]
    stringlist = prefix + stringlist + suffix 
    out_str = " \n".join(stringlist)
    out_str = out_str.replace("_", "\_")
    out_str = out_str.replace("#", "\#")
    print(out_str)

正如你所看到的，它很丑陋，但对我有用。 如果图层名称很长，则可能需要相应地增加 line_length=70 参数和第 8 行中的索引。

输出示例如下：

\begin{table}[] 
\begin{tabular}{lll} 
Model: test \\ \hline 
Layer (type)                   & Output Shape                & Param \#    \\ \hline \hline 
input\_1 (InputLayer)           & [(None, 28, 28, 1)]         & 0          \\ \hline 
dropout (Dropout)              & (None, 28, 28, 1)           & 0          \\ \hline 
conv2d (Conv2D)                & (None, 26, 26, 8)           & 80         \\ \hline 
dropout\_1 (Dropout)            & (None, 26, 26, 8)           & 0          \\ \hline 
conv2d\_1 (Conv2D)              & (None, 24, 24, 8)           & 584        \\ \hline 
dropout\_2 (Dropout)            & (None, 24, 24, 8)           & 0          \\ \hline 
max\_pooling2d (MaxPooling2D)   & (None, 12, 12, 8)           & 0          \\ \hline 
conv2d\_2 (Conv2D)              & (None, 10, 10, 10)          & 730        \\ \hline 
dropout\_3 (Dropout)            & (None, 10, 10, 10)          & 0          \\ \hline 
conv2d\_3 (Conv2D)              & (None, 8, 8, 10)            & 910        \\ \hline 
dropout\_4 (Dropout)            & (None, 8, 8, 10)            & 0          \\ \hline 
max\_pooling2d\_1 (MaxPooling2D) & (None, 4, 4, 10)            & 0          \\ \hline 
flatten (Flatten)              & (None, 160)                 & 0          \\ \hline 
dense (Dense)                  & (None, 16)                  & 2576       \\ \hline 
dropout\_5 (Dropout)            & (None, 16)                  & 0          \\ \hline 
dense\_1 (Dense)                & (None, 10)                  & 170        \\ \hline \hline 
Total params: 5,050 \\ 
Trainable params: 5,050 \\ 
Non-trainable params: 0 \\ \hline 
\end{tabular} 
\caption{Model summary for test.} 
\label{tab:model-summary} 
\end{table}