如何从命令行（没有 Maven/Gradle）启动 JUnit 5（平台）？

我想从命令行运行一个包含 JUnit 5 测试的类。不幸的是，我有一些外部依赖项阻止我使用 Maven、Gradle 或其他构建系统。

在 JUnit 4 中，我可以像这样完成这个任务

java .:"lib/*" org.junit.runner.JUnitCore TestClass

JUnit 5 有等效的吗？我只是想知道测试是否成功，与在 IntelliJ 中运行时类似。

TestClass.java

import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

public class TestClass {

    private static ArrayList<Student> students;
    private static ArrayList<Student> inAgeOrderStudents;
    private static ArrayList<Student> inNameOrderStudents;

    @BeforeAll
    static void setUp(){
        initializeStudents();
        initSortedAgeStudents();
        initSortedNameStudents();
    }

    @BeforeEach
    void reloadStudents() {
        Collections.shuffle(students);
    }

   static void initializeStudents(){
        students = new ArrayList<Student>();

        students.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        students.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        students.add(new Student(16, "Jean"));
        students.add(new Student(14, "Lin"));
        students.add(new Student(19, "Sam"));
    }

    static void initSortedAgeStudents(){
        inAgeOrderStudents = new ArrayList<Student>();
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(14, "Lin"));
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(16, "Jean"));
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(19, "Sam"));
    }

    static void initSortedNameStudents(){
        inNameOrderStudents = new ArrayList<Student>();
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(16, "Jean"));
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(14, "Lin"));
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(19, "Sam"));
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
    }



    @Test
    void testMergeSort() {
        assertNotEquals(students, inAgeOrderStudents);
        StudentSortSearch.mergesort(students,StudentSortSearch.SortSearchCriteria.AGE);
        assertEquals(14,students.get(0).getAge());
        assertEquals(19,students.get(4).getAge());
        assertEquals(students, inAgeOrderStudents);

        assertEquals(true,students.equals(inAgeOrderStudents));
    }

    @Test
    void testQuickSort() {
        StudentSortSearch.quickSort(students,StudentSortSearch.SortSearchCriteria.NAME);
        assertEquals("Jean",students.get(0).getName());
        assertEquals("Tim",students.get(4).getName());

        assertEquals(students, inNameOrderStudents);
    }

    @Test
    void testBinarySearch() {
        StudentSortSearch searcher = new StudentSortSearch();
        ArrayList<Student> searchResults = searcher.binarySearch(students, 18);
        assertEquals(2, searchResults.size());
        assertEquals(18,searchResults.get(1).getAge());
        assertEquals(18,searchResults.get(0).getAge());

        searchResults = searcher.binarySearch(students, "Lin");
        assertEquals(1, searchResults.size());
        assertEquals(14,searchResults.get(0).getAge());
    }
}

当然可以，使用ConsoleLauncher.

The ConsoleLauncher是一个命令行 Java 应用程序，可以让您 启动JUnit平台从控制台。例如，它可以是 用来运行JUnit 复古 and JUnit木星测试和打印测试 执行结果到控制台。

一个可执行文件*junit-platform-console-standalone-<version>.jar*所有 包含的依赖项发布在中央 Maven 存储库中 在下面junit 平台控制台独立 https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/junit/platform/junit-platform-console-standalone目录。您可以运行 独立的 ConsoleLauncher 如下所示。

java -jar junit-platform-console-standalone-<version>.jar <Options>

有关选项的详细信息，请咨询https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-console-launcher https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-console-launcher please.

根据您的示例并使用 JUnit 平台版本进行定制1.3.1，命令可能如下所示：

$ mkdir out
$ javac -d out Student.java StudentSortSearch.java
$ javac -d out -cp out:junit-platform-console-standalone-1.3.1.jar TestClass.java
$ java -jar junit-platform-console-standalone-1.3.1.jar --class-path out --scan-class-path
╷
├─ JUnit Jupiter ✔
│  └─ TestClass ✔
│     └─ test() ✔
└─ JUnit Vintage ✔

Test run finished after 67 ms
...