Android通过第三方软件打开Word、Excel、PPT、PDF等文档

近期公司有个需求，PDF格式需要在应用内打开浏览，Word、Excel要求不高直接用第三方软件打开即可，找了两种解决办法。

第一， 全部在应用内打开，可接入腾讯的TBS（没有做尝试），可参考链接接入TBS文章

第二，PDF可使用AndroidPdfViewer在应用内下载打开即可，Word、Excel下载后直接跳转至第三方软件打开

我选择了第二种办法，以后有空再尝试第一种解决办法吧。

以上两种办法都需要先下载文件再打开浏览，下载的解决方案这里就不描述了，网上很多，我使用的是廖子尧的第三方框架OkDownload，廖子尧GitHub可以学习一下，个人感觉还是挺好用的。

这里主要想记录下打开方式以及要注意的点：

android 7.0 新增私有目录访问权限，Google 官方说明：为了提高私有文件的安全性，面向 Android 7.0 或更高版本的应用私有目录被限制访问　(0700)。此设置可防止私有文件的元数据泄漏。
所以这里在访问下载的文件存储路径时，也需要动态判断系统版本添加文件读取权限，使用FileProvider获取路径，否则会触发 FileUriExposedException异常

下面列举了三种打开文件类型的写法：

private void openFileIntent(String path, String type) {
        if (!StringUtils.isNullOrWhiteSpace(path)) {
            Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
            intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
            Uri uri;
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(getActivity(), getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + ".provider", new File(path));
                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);//给目标文件临时授权，必需添加
            } else {
                uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(path));
            }
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
            try {
                if (StringUtils.isEqual(type, "doc")) {
                    intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword");
                    this.startActivity(intent);
                    this.finish();
                } else if (StringUtils.isEqual(type, "xls")) {
                    intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                    this.startActivity(intent);
                    this.finish();
                } else if (StringUtils.isEqual(type, "ppt")) {
                    intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
                    this.startActivity(intent);
                    this.finish();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                MessageUtils.showCusToast(getActivity(), "没有找到打开该文件的应用程序");
                finish();
            }
        }
    }

再记录下setDataAndType设置所对应的值：

   private final String[][] MIME_MapTable = {
            //{后缀名，MIME类型}
            {".3gp", "video/3gpp"},
            {".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
            {".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
            {".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
            {".bin", "application/octet-stream"},
            {".bmp", "image/bmp"},
            {".c", "text/plain"},
            {".class", "application/octet-stream"},
            {".conf", "text/plain"},
            {".cpp", "text/plain"},
            {".doc", "application/msword"},
            {".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},
            {".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
            {".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"},
            {".exe", "application/octet-stream"},
            {".gif", "image/gif"},
            {".gtar", "application/x-gtar"},
            {".gz", "application/x-gzip"},
            {".h", "text/plain"},
            {".htm", "text/html"},
            {".html", "text/html"},
            {".jar", "application/java-archive"},
            {".java", "text/plain"},
            {".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
            {".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
            {".js", "application/x-javascript"},
            {".log", "text/plain"},
            {".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
            {".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
            {".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
            {".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
            {".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
            {".m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
            {".mov", "video/quicktime"},
            {".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"},
            {".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"},
            {".mp4", "video/mp4"},
            {".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},
            {".mpe", "video/mpeg"},
            {".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
            {".mpg", "video/mpeg"},
            {".mpg4", "video/mp4"},
            {".mpga", "audio/mpeg"},
            {".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
            {".ogg", "audio/ogg"},
            {".pdf", "application/pdf"},
            {".png", "image/png"},
            {".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
            {".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
            {".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"},
            {".prop", "text/plain"},
            {".rc", "text/plain"},
            {".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
            {".rtf", "application/rtf"},
            {".sh", "text/plain"},
            {".tar", "application/x-tar"},
            {".tgz", "application/x-compressed"},
            {".txt", "text/plain"},
            {".wav", "audio/x-wav"},
            {".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"},
            {".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
            {".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"},
            {".xml", "text/plain"},
            {".z", "application/x-compress"},
            {".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed"},
            {"", "*/*"}
    };