Java课题笔记~Element UI

2023-10-26

Element：是饿了么公司前端开发团队提供的一套基于 Vue 的网站组件库，用于快速构建网页。

Element 提供了很多组件（组成网页的部件）供我们使用。例如超链接、按钮、图片、表格等等~

如下图左边的是我们编写页面看到的按钮，上图右边的是 Element 提供的页面效果，效果一目了然。

我们学习 Element 其实就是学习怎么从官网拷贝组件到我们自己的页面并进行修改，官网网址是

https://element.eleme.cn/#/zh-CNhttps://element.eleme.cn/#/zh-CN

进入官网能看到如下页面

2.1 快速入门

创建页面，并在页面引入Element 的css、js文件和 Vue.js

<!-- 引入vue -->
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.7.14/dist/vue.js"></script>
<!-- 引入样式 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css">
<!-- 引入组件库 -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/index.js"></script>

2.创建Vue核心对象

Element 是基于 Vue 的，所以使用Element时必须要创建 Vue 对象

<script>
    new Vue({
        el:"#app"
    })
</script>

官网复制Element组件代码

在左菜单栏找到 Button 按钮 ，然后找到自己喜欢的按钮样式，点击 显示代码 ，在下面就会展示出对应的代码，将这些代码拷贝到我们自己的页面即可。

整体页面代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">


    <el-row>
     	<el-button>默认按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="primary">主要按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="success">成功按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="info">信息按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="warning">警告按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger">删除</el-button>
    </el-row>
    <el-row>
        <el-button plain>朴素按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="primary" plain>主要按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="success" plain>成功按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="info" plain>信息按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="warning" plain>警告按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" plain>危险按钮</el-button>
    </el-row>

    <el-row>
        <el-button round>圆角按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="primary" round>主要按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="success" round>成功按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="info" round>信息按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="warning" round>警告按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" round>危险按钮</el-button>
    </el-row>

    <el-row>
        <el-button icon="el-icon-search" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-edit" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="success" icon="el-icon-check" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="info" icon="el-icon-message" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="warning" icon="el-icon-star-off" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" icon="el-icon-delete" circle></el-button>
    </el-row>
</div>

<!-- 引入vue -->
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.7.14/dist/vue.js"></script>
<!-- 引入样式 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css">
<!-- 引入组件库 -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/index.js"></script>

<script>
    new Vue({
        el:"#app"
    })
</script>

</body>
</html>

浏览器页面显示效果如下：

2.2 Element 布局

Element 提供了两种布局方式，分别是：

Layout 布局
Container 布局容器

2.2.1 Layout 布局

通过基础的 24 分栏，迅速简便地创建布局。也就是默认将一行分为 24 栏，根据页面要求给每一列设置所占的栏数。

在左菜单栏找到 Layout 布局 ，然后找到自己喜欢的按钮样式，点击 显示代码 ，在下面就会展示出对应的代码，显示出的代码中有样式，有html标签。将样式拷贝我们自己页面的 head 标签内，将html标签拷贝到 <div id="app"></div> 标签内。

整体页面代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>

    <style>
        .el-row {
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        .el-col {
            border-radius: 4px;
        }
        .bg-purple-dark {
            background: #99a9bf;
        }
        .bg-purple {
            background: #d3dce6;
        }
        .bg-purple-light {
            background: #e5e9f2;
        }
        .grid-content {
            border-radius: 4px;
            min-height: 36px;
        }
        .row-bg {
            padding: 10px 0;
            background-color: #f9fafc;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
    <el-row>
        <el-col :span="24"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-dark"></div></el-col>
    </el-row>
    <el-row>
        <el-col :span="12"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="12"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
    </el-row>
    <el-row>
        <el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
    </el-row>
    <el-row>
        <el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
    </el-row>
    <el-row>
        <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
        <el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
    </el-row>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css">

<script>
    new Vue({
        el:"#app"
    })
</script>
</body>
</html>

通过浏览器打开该页面可以看到如下页面：

现在需要添加一行，要求该行显示8个格子，通过计算每个格子占 3 栏，具体的html 代码如下

<!--
添加一行，8个格子  24/8 = 3
-->
<el-row>
    <el-col :span="3"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
    <el-col :span="3"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
    <el-col :span="3"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
    <el-col :span="3"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
    <el-col :span="3"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
    <el-col :span="3"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
    <el-col :span="3"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col>
    <el-col :span="3"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col>
</el-row>

通过浏览器打开该页面可以看到如下页面：

2.2.2 Container 布局容器

用于布局的容器组件，方便快速搭建页面的基本结构。如下图就是布局容器效果。

如下图是官网提供的 Container 布局容器实例：

该效果代码中包含了样式、页面标签、模型数据。将里面的样式 <style> 拷贝到我们自己页面的 head 标签中；将html标签拷贝到 <div id="app"></div> 标签中，再将数据模型拷贝到 vue 对象的 data() 中。

整体页面代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>

    <style>
        .el-header {
            background-color: #B3C0D1;
            color: #333;
            line-height: 60px;
        }

        .el-aside {
            color: #333;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
    <el-container style="height: 500px; border: 1px solid #eee">
        <el-aside width="200px" style="background-color: rgb(238, 241, 246)">
            <el-menu :default-openeds="['1', '3']">
                <el-submenu index="1">
                    <template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-message"></i>导航一</template>
                    <el-menu-item-group>
                        <template slot="title">分组一</template>
                        <el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item>
                        <el-menu-item index="1-2">选项2</el-menu-item>
                    </el-menu-item-group>
                    <el-menu-item-group title="分组2">
                        <el-menu-item index="1-3">选项3</el-menu-item>
                    </el-menu-item-group>
                    <el-submenu index="1-4">
                        <template slot="title">选项4</template>
                        <el-menu-item index="1-4-1">选项4-1</el-menu-item>
                    </el-submenu>
                </el-submenu>
                <el-submenu index="2">
                    <template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-menu"></i>导航二</template>
                    <el-submenu index="2-1">
                        <template slot="title">选项1</template>
                        <el-menu-item index="2-1-1">选项1-1</el-menu-item>
                    </el-submenu>
                </el-submenu>
                <el-submenu index="3">
                    <template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-setting"></i>导航三</template>
                    <el-menu-item-group>
                        <template slot="title">分组一</template>
                        <el-menu-item index="3-1">选项1</el-menu-item>
                        <el-menu-item index="3-2">选项2</el-menu-item>
                    </el-menu-item-group>
                    <el-menu-item-group title="分组2">
                        <el-menu-item index="3-3">选项3</el-menu-item>
                    </el-menu-item-group>
                    <el-submenu index="3-4">
                        <template slot="title">选项4</template>
                        <el-menu-item index="3-4-1">选项4-1</el-menu-item>
                    </el-submenu>
                </el-submenu>
            </el-menu>
        </el-aside>

        <el-container>
            <el-header style="text-align: right; font-size: 12px">
                <el-dropdown>
                    <i class="el-icon-setting" style="margin-right: 15px"></i>
                    <el-dropdown-menu slot="dropdown">
                        <el-dropdown-item>查看</el-dropdown-item>
                        <el-dropdown-item>新增</el-dropdown-item>
                        <el-dropdown-item>删除</el-dropdown-item>
                    </el-dropdown-menu>
                </el-dropdown>
                <span>王小虎</span>
            </el-header>

            <el-main>
                <el-table :data="tableData">
                    <el-table-column prop="date" label="日期" width="140">
                    </el-table-column>
                    <el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" width="120">
                    </el-table-column>
                    <el-table-column prop="address" label="地址">
                    </el-table-column>
                </el-table>
            </el-main>
        </el-container>
    </el-container>
</div>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">


    <el-row>
     	<el-button>默认按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="primary">主要按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="success">成功按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="info">信息按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="warning">警告按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger">删除</el-button>
    </el-row>
    <el-row>
        <el-button plain>朴素按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="primary" plain>主要按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="success" plain>成功按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="info" plain>信息按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="warning" plain>警告按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" plain>危险按钮</el-button>
    </el-row>

    <el-row>
        <el-button round>圆角按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="primary" round>主要按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="success" round>成功按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="info" round>信息按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="warning" round>警告按钮</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" round>危险按钮</el-button>
    </el-row>

    <el-row>
        <el-button icon="el-icon-search" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-edit" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="success" icon="el-icon-check" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="info" icon="el-icon-message" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="warning" icon="el-icon-star-off" circle></el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" icon="el-icon-delete" circle></el-button>
    </el-row>
</div>

<!-- 引入vue -->
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.7.14/dist/vue.js"></script>
<!-- 引入样式 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css">
<!-- 引入组件库 -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/index.js"></script>

<script>
    new Vue({
        el:"#app"
    })
</script>

</body>
</html>

<script>
    new Vue({
        el:"#app",
        data() {
            const item = {
                date: '2016-05-02',
                name: '王小虎',
                address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1518 弄'
            };
            return {
                tableData: Array(20).fill(item)
            }
        }
    })
</script>
</body>
</html>

通过浏览器打开该页面可以看到如下页面：

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