本机为CentOS7.9，在虚拟机环境下给Linux系统磁盘扩容。直接添加硬盘无法使用，还需要在系统内部有磁盘挂载操作。
[root@Para110 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda //列出系统分区
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：p //查看分区信息
磁盘 /dev/sda：42.9 GB, 42949672960 字节，83886080 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x000b146f
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 83886079 40893440 8e Linux LVM
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：q //不保存退出
[root@Para110 ~]# lsblk //列出所有可用块设备的信息
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 40G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 39G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 35G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 5G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 4.5G 0 rom
[root@Para110 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 //将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@Para110 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 //将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@Para110 ~]# vgdisplay //显示LVM卷组的信息
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <39.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 9983
Alloc PE / Size 9983 / <39.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID upMhKG-R5K4-zRdM-myqH-sZJ7-BDDx-0cBXEH
[root@Para110 ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1 //把/dev/sdb1硬盘分区加入到centos卷组中
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
[root@Para110 ~]# vgdisplay //显示LVM卷组的信息
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 43.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 11262
Alloc PE / Size 9983 / <39.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 1279 / <5.00 GiB
VG UUID upMhKG-R5K4-zRdM-myqH-sZJ7-BDDx-0cBXEH
[root@Para110 ~]# lvdisplay //查看当前逻辑卷信息
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name centos
LV UUID bIb4Xp-ooix-2LXp-6HcD-ylES-tB2N-vYHomd
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time para110, 2022-09-26 10:16:02 +0800
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 4.00 GiB
Current LE 1024
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/root
LV Name root
VG Name centos
LV UUID uwUG8o-QTWK-um0m-UVpW-Y7rW-Nj0z-pilNtY
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time para110, 2022-09-26 10:16:02 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size <35.00 GiB
Current LE 8959
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
[root@Para110 ~]# lvextend -l +1279 /dev/centos/root
Insufficient free space: 1279 extents needed, but only 959 available
[root@Para110 ~]# lvextend -l +959 /dev/centos/root //进行扩容
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <36.25 GiB (9279 extents) to 39.99 GiB (10238 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
[root@Para110 ~]# lvdisplay //显示逻辑卷属性
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name centos
LV UUID bIb4Xp-ooix-2LXp-6HcD-ylES-tB2N-vYHomd
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time para110, 2022-09-26 10:16:02 +0800
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 4.00 GiB
Current LE 1024
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/root
LV Name root
VG Name centos
LV UUID uwUG8o-QTWK-um0m-UVpW-Y7rW-Nj0z-pilNtY
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time para110, 2022-09-26 10:16:02 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 39.99 GiB
Current LE 10238
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
[root@Para110 ~]# df -h //显示磁盘使用的文件系统信息
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 16K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 13M 3.8G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 35G 11G 25G 30% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 186M 829M 19% /boot
tmpfs 781M 0 781M 0% /run/user/0
tmpfs 781M 12K 781M 1% /run/user/42
[root@Para110 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root //重置root逻辑卷大小
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=2293504 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=9174016, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=4479, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 9174016 to 10483712
[root@Para110 ~]# df -h //显示磁盘使用的文件系统信息
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 16K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 13M 3.8G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 40G 11G 30G 26% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 186M 829M 19% /boot
tmpfs 781M 0 781M 0% /run/user/0
tmpfs 781M 12K 781M 1% /run/user/42
[root@Para110 ~]# pvs //格式化输出物理卷信息报表
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 centos lvm2 a-- <39.00g 0
/dev/sdb1 centos lvm2 a-- <5.00g 0