推荐使用easyExcel，简单好用
对于稍微复杂一点的表格，个人建议用jxl
以下代码中包含的操作：
jxl jxl只支持导出xls文件
导入依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.jexcelapi</groupId>
<artifactId>jxl</artifactId>
<version>2.6.12</version>
</dependency>
利用jxl最后生成的表格：
@GetMapping("/jxl")
public void jxlExport(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
String fileName = "jxl_test.xls";
response.reset();
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream; charset=utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
//不能是ServletOutputStream
OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
//创建工作簿
WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(outputStream);
//创建sheet
WritableSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("意向院校", 0);
//设置表头1
String header1 = "院校信息汇总表";
WritableFont writableFont = new WritableFont(WritableFont.createFont("黑体"),17);
WritableCellFormat format = new WritableCellFormat(writableFont);
//居中
format.setAlignment(Alignment.CENTRE);
//合并单元格，从(0,0)到(0,6)
sheet.mergeCells(0, 0, 6, 0);
sheet.addCell(new Label(0,0,header1,format));
//设置表头2
String[] headers2 = {"序号", "学校名称", "是否985", "是否211", "是否双一流", "地域", "学校类型"};
//为表头2单元格 设置字体格式：11号宋体，加粗，无下划线，红色字体
WritableFont headerFont = new WritableFont(WritableFont.createFont("宋体"), 11, WritableFont.BOLD, false, UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE, Colour.RED);
WritableCellFormat headerFormat = new WritableCellFormat(headerFont);
//为表头2设置单元格格式
headerFormat.setAlignment(Alignment.CENTRE); //设置居中
headerFormat.setBorder(Border.ALL, BorderLineStyle.THIN); //设置边框线
headerFormat.setBackground(Colour.GOLD); //设置单元格的背景颜色
//在第1行创建表头2的单元格
for (int i = 0; i < headers2.length; i++) {
//c：列 r：行
Label label = new Label(i, 1, headers2[i], headerFormat);
sheet.addCell(label);
}
//设置数据单元格字体：11号宋体
WritableFont font = new WritableFont(WritableFont.createFont("宋体"),11);
WritableCellFormat cellFormat = new WritableCellFormat(font);
//原始数据
List<RecSchool> recSchools = recSchoolMapper.findAll();
//从第2行开始创建数据
for (int i = 2; i < recSchools.size()+2; i++) {
sheet.addCell(new Label(0,i, "" + (i-1),cellFormat));
sheet.addCell(new Label(1,i,recSchools.get(i-2).getSchoolName(),cellFormat));
sheet.addCell(new Label(2,i,recSchools.get(i-2).getF985(),cellFormat));
sheet.addCell(new Label(3,i,recSchools.get(i-2).getF211(),cellFormat));
sheet.addCell(new Label(4,i,recSchools.get(i-2).getDualClass(),cellFormat));
sheet.addCell(new Label(5,i,recSchools.get(i-2).getSchoolProvince(),cellFormat));
sheet.addCell(new Label(6,i,recSchools.get(i-2).getSchoolType(),cellFormat));
}
//写入数据
workbook.write();
//关闭工作簿
workbook.close();
}
在浏览器中执行该接口即可生成excel
导入依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.15</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.15</version>
</dependency>
@GetMapping("/poi")
public void poiExport(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String fileName = "poi_test.xlsx";
SXSSFWorkbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook();
//创建sheet表格
SXSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
//设置表头1字体格式
Font font1 = workbook.createFont();
font1.setFontName("黑体");
font1.setBold(true); //加粗
font1.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 17); //字体大小
//设置表头1单元格格式
CellStyle cellStyle1 = workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle1.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER); //居中
cellStyle1.setFont(font1);
//设置表头2字体格式
Font font2 = workbook.createFont();
font2.setFontName("宋体");
font2.setBold(true);
font2.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);
font2.setColor(Font.COLOR_RED);
//设置表头2单元格格式
CellStyle cellStyle2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle2.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
//设置单元格背景颜色
cellStyle2.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_25_PERCENT.getIndex());
cellStyle2.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
//设置上下左右边框
cellStyle2.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.valueOf(String.valueOf(BorderStyle.THIN)));
cellStyle2.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.valueOf(String.valueOf(BorderStyle.THIN)));
cellStyle2.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.valueOf(String.valueOf(BorderStyle.THIN)));
cellStyle2.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.valueOf(String.valueOf(BorderStyle.THIN)));
cellStyle2.setFont(font2);
//设置数据字体格式
CellStyle cellStyle3 = workbook.createCellStyle();
Font font3 = workbook.createFont();
font3.setFontName("宋体");
font3.setBold(false);
font3.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);
cellStyle3.setFont(font3);
//合并单元格(0,0)到(0,6)
CellRangeAddress region = new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 6);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region);
//填充表头1数据
SXSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(0);
SXSSFCell cell1 = row1.createCell(0);
cell1.setCellStyle(cellStyle1);
cell1.setCellValue("院校信息汇总表");
//填充表头2数据
String[] headers2 = {"序号", "学校名称", "是否985", "是否211", "是否双一流", "地域", "学校类型"};
SXSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(1);
for (int i = 0; i < headers2.length; i++) {
SXSSFCell cell = row2.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle2);
cell.setCellValue(headers2[i]);
}
//填充具体数据
List<RecSchool> recSchools = recSchoolMapper.findAll();
for (int i = 0; i < recSchools.size(); i++) {
SXSSFCell cell;
//从第三行开始
SXSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i + 2);
cell = row.createCell(0);
cell.setCellValue(""+(i+1));
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
cell = row.createCell(1);
cell.setCellValue(recSchools.get(i).getSchoolName());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
cell = row.createCell(2);
cell.setCellValue(recSchools.get(i).getF985());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
cell = row.createCell(3);
cell.setCellValue(recSchools.get(i).getF211());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
cell = row.createCell(4);
cell.setCellValue(recSchools.get(i).getDualClass());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
cell = row.createCell(5);
cell.setCellValue(recSchools.get(i).getSchoolProvince());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
cell = row.createCell(6);
cell.setCellValue(recSchools.get(i).getSchoolType());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
}
response.reset();
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream; charset=utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName ,"UTF-8"));
workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
}
官方文档：https://www.yuque.com/easyexcel/doc
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