交易中间件消息中间件
什么是中间件？ (What Is Middleware?)
In network architecture, a middleware is a layer of software that creates a network for exchanging information between different computer applications. The network is implemented by using the same technique for exchanging information in all applications involved using software components.
在网络体系结构中，中间件是一层软件，可创建用于在不同计算机应用程序之间交换信息的网络。 该网络是通过使用相同的技术在涉及使用软件组件的所有应用程序中交换信息来实现的。
The middleware software is a component for communications between applications regardless of the computers involved and whatever the hardware and software characteristics of computer networks, network protocols, and operating systems involved. The most common techniques for exchanging information are exchanging messages, calling remote procedures and manipulation of distant objects.
中间件软件是用于应用程序之间通信的组件，而与所涉及的计算机以及所涉及的计算机网络，网络协议和操作系统的硬件和软件特性无关。 交换信息的最常用技术是交换消息，调用远程过程和对远距离对象进行操作。
The middleware is typically used as cement to connect disparate applications of information systems of enterprises and institutions.
中间件通常用作水泥，以连接企业和机构的信息系统的不同应用程序。
Middleware Techniques
中间件技术
The exchange of messages, the call handling procedures and third objects are three techniques supported by the middleware, which enables computer applications to interact, cooperate and share information.
消息交换，呼叫处理过程和第三个对象是中间件支持的三种技术，使计算机应用程序可以交互，合作和共享信息。
面向消息的中间件 (Message-Oriented Middleware)
In a middleware message (message-oriented middleware), computer applications communicate by exchanging messages in a manner similar to email: a computer application sends a message that is then transmitted to the destination application by the middleware software components while the sending application performs other treatments (asynchrony).
在中间件消息(面向消息的中间件)中，计算机应用程序通过类似于电子邮件的方式交换消息进行通信：计算机应用程序发送一条消息，然后该消息由中间件软件组件传输到目标应用程序，而发送方应用程序执行其他处理(异步)。
The content of the message is formatted by the issuer under an agreement pre-determined and analyzed automatically by the destination application in accordance with this Convention. The XML data format is often used for messages.
消息的内容由发布者根据协议确定格式，并由目的地应用程序根据本公约自动分析。 XML数据格式通常用于消息。
The message can be sent to an application chosen by the sender, a list of subscribed applications or all applications that exploit the middleware. Messages are sorted by priority and placed in queue (tail) by the middleware software components.
消息可以发送到发件人选择的应用程序，订阅的应用程序列表或利用中间件的所有应用程序。 消息按优先级排序，并由中间件软件组件放入队列(尾部)。
WebSphere MQ, IBM, is a middleware software component to the message.
IBM WebSphere MQ是消息的中间件软件组件。
WHD is a programming interface for middleware message. OW2 JORAM is a software that implement this interface.
WHD是中间件消息的编程接口。 OW2 JORAM是实现此接口的软件。
中间件远程过程调用 (Middleware Remote procedure call)
With a middleware-based remote procedure calls (remote procedure call), functions (procedures) that exist in a given computer application can be run on demand by other applications. The procedure call within an application is a software mechanism that can usually be achieved with any procedural programming language. It is different when the call is made between two applications.
使用基于中间件的远程过程调用(远程过程调用)，可以在其他应用程序中按需运行给定计算机应用程序中存在的功能(过程)。 应用程序中的过程调用是一种软件机制，通常可以使用任何过程编程语言来实现。 在两个应用程序之间进行调用时，情况有所不同。
In the mechanism of remote procedure call, the middleware software components created in the calling application software component strain (stub) whose functions are identical to those of the computer application called. Then the procedure calls made by the calling application on the stump are deflected by the middleware software components to the application called in which the components of the middleware has created another similar strain to the caller.
在远程过程调用机制中，在调用应用程序软件组件部分(存根)中创建的中间件软件组件的功能与所调用的计算机应用程序的功能相同。 然后，由中间件软件组件将由调用应用程序在树桩上进行的过程调用偏转到被调用的应用程序，在该应用程序中，中间件的组件对调用者产生了另一种相似的压力。
The result of the execution of the function is then transmitted from the ‘caller’ to the caller by the same mechanisms. The middleware component uses the method of serialization (marshalling). The network protocol RPC of Sun Microsystems used to make calls remotely.
然后，执行功能的结果通过相同的机制从“调用方”传输到调用方。 中间件组件使用序列化(编组)方法。 Sun Microsystems的网络协议RPC用于远程进行呼叫。
SOAP is a technique call remotely on web servers based on XML and HTTP – protocol web servers. Technical liaison between procedure calls and remote manipulation of objects, RMI is a software component to perform remote procedure calls on objects in the Java programming language.
SOAP是一种基于XML和HTTP(协议Web服务器)的Web服务器上的远程调用技术。 过程调用和对象的远程操作之间的技术联系，RMI是一个软件组件，用于以Java编程语言对对象执行远程过程调用。
中间件–操作对象 (Middleware – Manipulating objects)
With middleware objects, a given computer application can manipulate objects – object-oriented programming – another application. These manipulations induce changes in treatment and information in the application that owns the object.
使用中间件对象，给定的计算机应用程序可以操纵对象-面向对象的编程-另一个应用程序。 这些操作在拥有对象的应用程序中引起了处理和信息方面的变化。
The manipulation of objects by the application to which they belong is a regular operation of object oriented programming. Necessary mechanisms exist in all object-oriented programming languages. It is different from handling an object belonging to another application.
对象所属的应用程序对对象的操作是面向对象编程的常规操作。 所有面向对象的编程语言中都存在必要的机制。 它不同于处理属于另一个应用程序的对象。
The mechanism of object manipulation third is similar to the mechanism of remote procedure call: middleware components created in the computer application that uses the object (client) strain (stub) thereof. Then the operations performed on the strain components are deflected by the middleware to the application that owns the object (the supplier).
第三，对象操纵的机制类似于远程过程调用的机制：在计算机应用程序中创建的使用其对象(客户端)变量(存根)的中间件组件。 然后，中间件将对应变分量执行的操作转移到拥有对象的应用程序(供应商)。
The middleware components created in the application provider object that contains the object being manipulated and instructions necessary to receive the exhibits – the skeleton. The skeleton is achieved using the mechanisms of inheritance of object-oriented programming.
在应用程序提供程序对象中创建的中间件组件，其中包含被操纵的对象以及接收展览品所需的指令-骨架。 骨架是使用面向对象编程的继承机制实现的。
Microsoft DCOM is a technique for manipulating remote objects based on the RPC network protocol. DCE is a middleware for object manipulation, the Object Management Group based on CORBA, a technology standardized by the same author.
Microsoft DCOM是一种用于基于RPC网络协议处理远程对象的技术。 DCE是用于对象操纵的中间件，它是基于CORBA的对象管理组，该技术由同一作者标准化。
中间件交易 (Middleware Transactions)
By computer, a transaction is an indivisible sequence of operations – which must be executed entirely or not at all. Various components of middleware allow execution of transactions. They allow in particular the total cancellation of the transaction in case of failure. IBM CICS and MSDTC are middleware that enable execution of transactions.
对于计算机而言，交易是不可分割的一系列操作，必须完全执行或完全不执行。 中间件的各种组件允许执行事务。 它们特别允许在失败的情况下完全取消交易。 IBM CICS和MSDTC是支持事务执行的中间件。
Study: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons.
研究：来自维基百科，免费的百科全书。 该文本可在“ 知识共享”下找到 。
翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/what-is-middleware/
交易中间件消息中间件
