Shiro 是一个 Apache 下的一开源项目项目，旨在简化身份验证和授权。
spring,springMVC,maven,shiro
shiro的配置，通过maven加入shiro相关jar包
1.shiro的配置，通过maven加入shiro相关jar包
1 <!-- shiro --> 2 <dependency> 3 <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> 4 <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId> 5 <version>1.2.1</version> 6 </dependency> 7 <dependency> 8 <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> 9 <artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId> 10 <version>1.2.1</version> 11 </dependency> 12 <dependency> 13 <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> 14 <artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId> 15 <version>1.2.1</version> 16 </dependency> 17 <dependency> 18 <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> 19 <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> 20 <version>1.2.1</version> 21 </dependency>
2.2 在web.xml中添加shiro过滤器
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 3 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 4 xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 5 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" 6 id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"> 7 8 <!-- 配置spring容器监听器 --> 9 <span style="color:#ff6666;"> <context-param> 10 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 11 <param-value>classpath:application-context-*.xml</param-value> 12 </context-param> 13 <listener> 14 <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> 15 </listener></span> 16 <!-- post乱码处理 --> 17 <filter> 18 <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> 19 <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 20 <init-param> 21 <param-name>encoding</param-name> 22 <param-value>utf-8</param-value> 23 </init-param> 24 </filter> 25 <filter-mapping> 26 <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> 27 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 28 </filter-mapping> 29 <!-- 配置shiro的核心拦截器 --> 30 <span style="white-space:pre"> </span><filter> 31 <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name> 32 <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> 33 </filter> 34 <filter-mapping> 35 <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name> 36 <url-pattern>/admin/*</url-pattern> 37 </filter-mapping> 38 <!-- 配置后台Springmvc 它拦截.do结尾的请求 --> 39 <servlet> 40 <servlet-name>back</servlet-name> 41 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 42 <init-param> 43 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 44 <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> 45 </init-param> 46 </servlet> 47 <servlet-mapping> 48 <servlet-name>back</servlet-name> 49 <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> 50 </servlet-mapping> 51 <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> 52 </web-app>
1 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 2 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 3 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 4 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 5 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 6 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd 9 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 10 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 11 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 12 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd 13 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 14 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd "> 15 16 <!-- web.xml中shiro的filter对应的bean --> 17 <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean"> 18 <!-- 管理器，必须设置 --> 19 <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" /> 20 <!-- 拦截到，跳转到的地址,通过此地址去认证 --> 21 <property name="loginUrl" value="/admin/login.do" /> 22 <!-- 认证成功统一跳转到/admin/index.do，建议不配置，shiro认证成功自动到上一个请求路径 --> 23 <property name="successUrl" value="/admin/index.do" /> 24 <!-- 通过unauthorizedUrl指定没有权限操作时跳转页面 --> 25 <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/refuse.jsp" /> 26 <!-- 自定义filter，可用来更改默认的表单名称配置 --> 27 <property name="filters"> 28 <map> 29 <!-- 将自定义 的FormAuthenticationFilter注入shiroFilter中 --> 30 <entry key="authc" value-ref="formAuthenticationFilter" /> 31 </map> 32 </property> 33 <property name="filterChainDefinitions"> 34 <value> 35 <!-- 对静态资源设置匿名访问 --> 36 /images/** = anon 37 /js/** = anon 38 /styles/** = anon 39 <!-- 验证码，可匿名访问 --> 40 /validatecode.jsp = anon 41 <!-- 请求 logout.do地址，shiro去清除session --> 42 /admin/logout.do = logout 43 <!--商品查询需要商品查询权限 ，取消url拦截配置，使用注解授权方式 --> 44 <!-- /items/queryItems.action = perms[item:query] /items/editItems.action 45 = perms[item:edit] --> 46 <!-- 配置记住我或认证通过可以访问的地址 --> 47 /welcome.jsp = user 48 /admin/index.do = user 49 <!-- /** = authc 所有url都必须认证通过才可以访问 --> 50 /** = authc 51 </value> 52 </property> 53 </bean> 54 55 <!-- securityManager安全管理器 --> 56 <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager"> 57 <property name="realm" ref="customRealm" /> 58 <!-- 注入缓存管理器 --> 59 <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" /> 60 <!-- 注入session管理器 --> 61 <!-- <property name="sessionManager" ref="sessionManager" /> --> 62 <!-- 记住我 --> 63 <property name="rememberMeManager" ref="rememberMeManager" /> 64 </bean> 65 66 <!-- 自定义realm --> 67 <bean id="customRealm" class="com.zhijianj.stucheck.shiro.CustomRealm"> 68 <!-- 将凭证匹配器设置到realm中，realm按照凭证匹配器的要求进行散列 --> 69 <!-- <property name="credentialsMatcher" ref="credentialsMatcher" /> --> 70 </bean> 71 72 <!-- 凭证匹配器 --> 73 <bean id="credentialsMatcher" 74 class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher"> 75 <!-- 选用MD5散列算法 --> 76 <property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="md5" /> 77 <!-- 进行一次加密 --> 78 <property name="hashIterations" value="1" /> 79 </bean> 80 81 <!-- 自定义form认证过虑器 --> 82 <!-- 基于Form表单的身份验证过滤器，不配置将也会注册此过虑器，表单中的用户账号、密码及loginurl将采用默认值，建议配置 --> 83 <!-- 可通过此配置，判断验证码 --> 84 <bean id="formAuthenticationFilter" 85 class="com.zhijianj.stucheck.shiro.CustomFormAuthenticationFilter "> 86 <!-- 表单中账号的input名称,默认为username --> 87 <property name="usernameParam" value="username" /> 88 <!-- 表单中密码的input名称,默认为password --> 89 <property name="passwordParam" value="password" /> 90 <!-- 记住我input的名称,默认为rememberMe --> 91 <property name="rememberMeParam" value="rememberMe" /> 92 </bean> 93 <!-- 会话管理器 --> 94 <bean id="sessionManager" 95 class="org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager"> 96 <!-- session的失效时长，单位毫秒 --> 97 <property name="globalSessionTimeout" value="600000" /> 98 <!-- 删除失效的session --> 99 <property name="deleteInvalidSessions" value="true" /> 100 </bean> 101 <!-- 缓存管理器 --> 102 <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManager"> 103 <property name="cacheManagerConfigFile" value="classpath:shiro-ehcache.xml" /> 104 </bean> 105 <!-- rememberMeManager管理器，写cookie，取出cookie生成用户信息 --> 106 <bean id="rememberMeManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.CookieRememberMeManager"> 107 <property name="cookie" ref="rememberMeCookie" /> 108 </bean> 109 <!-- 记住我cookie --> 110 <bean id="rememberMeCookie" class="org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.SimpleCookie"> 111 <!-- rememberMe是cookie的名字 --> 112 <constructor-arg value="rememberMe" /> 113 <!-- 记住我cookie生效时间30天 --> 114 <property name="maxAge" value="2592000" /> 115 </bean> 116 </beans>
在上面的配置中每次开启了sessionManager都会出问题在这里将它注释掉了。
其次，上面中的配置也是将credentialsMatcher没有加入了，这种方式适用于没有对密码进行处理的情况。
其中CustomRealm的配置是重点。
CustomRealm如下：
1 public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
2 // 设置realm的名称
3 @Override
4 public void setName(String name) {
5 super.setName("customRealm");
6 }
7
8 @Autowired
9 private AdminUserService adminUserService;
10
11 /**
12 * 认证
13 */
14 @Override
15 protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
16
17 // token中包含用户输入的用户名和密码
18 // 第一步从token中取出用户名
19 String userName = (String) token.getPrincipal();
20 // 第二步：根据用户输入的userCode从数据库查询
21 TAdminUser adminUser = adminUserService.getAdminUserByUserName(userName);
22 // 如果查询不到返回null
23 if (adminUser == null) {//
24 return null;
25 }
26 // 获取数据库中的密码
27 String password = adminUser.getPassword();
28 /**
29 * 认证的用户,正确的密码
30 */
31 AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(adminUser, password, this.getName());
32 //MD5 加密+加盐+多次加密
33 //<span style="color:#ff0000;">SimpleAuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(adminUser, password,ByteSource.Util.bytes(salt), this.getName());</span>
34 return authcInfo;
35 }
36
37 /**
38 * 授权,只有成功通过<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">doGetAuthenticationInfo方法的认证后才会执行。</span>
39 */
40 @Override
41 protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
42 // 从 principals获取主身份信息
43 // 将getPrimaryPrincipal方法返回值转为真实身份类型（在上边的doGetAuthenticationInfo认证通过填充到SimpleAuthenticationInfo中身份类型），
44 TAdminUser activeUser = (TAdminUser) principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();
45 // 根据身份信息获取权限信息
46 // 从数据库获取到权限数据
47 TAdminRole adminRoles = adminUserService.getAdminRoles(activeUser);
48 // 单独定一个集合对象
49 List<String> permissions = new ArrayList<String>();
50 if (adminRoles != null) {
51 permissions.add(adminRoles.getRoleKey());
52 }
53 // 查到权限数据，返回授权信息(要包括 上边的permissions)
54 SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
55 // 将上边查询到授权信息填充到simpleAuthorizationInfo对象中
56 simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermissions(permissions);
57 return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
58 }
59
60 // 清除缓存
61 public void clearCached() {
62 PrincipalCollection principals = SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipals();
63 super.clearCache(principals);
64 }
65 }
ehcache.xml代码如下：
1 <ehcache updateCheck="false" name="shiroCache"> 2 <defaultCache 3 maxElementsInMemory="10000" 4 eternal="false" 5 timeToIdleSeconds="120" 6 timeToLiveSeconds="120" 7 overflowToDisk="false" 8 diskPersistent="false" 9 diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120" 10 /> 11 </ehcache>
通过使用ehache中就避免第次都向服务器发送权限授权(doGetAuthorizationInfo)的请求。
CustomFormAuthenticationFilter代码，认证之前调用，可用于验证码校验
1 public class CustomFormAuthenticationFilter extends FormAuthenticationFilter {
2 // 原FormAuthenticationFilter的认证方法
3 @Override
4 protected boolean onAccessDenied(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
5 // 在这里进行验证码的校验
6
7 // 从session获取正确验证码
8 HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
9 HttpSession session = httpServletRequest.getSession();
10 // 取出session的验证码（正确的验证码）
11 String validateCode = (String) session.getAttribute("validateCode");
12
13 // 取出页面的验证码
14 // 输入的验证和session中的验证进行对比
15 String randomcode = httpServletRequest.getParameter("randomcode");
16 if (randomcode != null && validateCode != null && !randomcode.equals(validateCode)) {
17 // 如果校验失败，将验证码错误失败信息，通过shiroLoginFailure设置到request中
18 httpServletRequest.setAttribute("shiroLoginFailure", "randomCodeError");
19 // 拒绝访问，不再校验账号和密码
20 return true;
21 }
22 return super.onAccessDenied(request, response);
23 }
24 }
在此符上验证码jsp界面的代码
validatecode.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
2 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3 <%@ page import="java.util.Random"%>
4 <%@ page import="java.io.OutputStream"%>
5 <%@ page import="java.awt.Color"%>
6 <%@ page import="java.awt.Font"%>
7 <%@ page import="java.awt.Graphics"%>
8 <%@ page import="java.awt.image.BufferedImage"%>
9 <%@ page import="javax.imageio.ImageIO"%>
10 <%
11 int width = 60;
12 int height = 32;
13 //create the image
14 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
15 Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
16 // set the background color
17 g.setColor(new Color(0xDCDCDC));
18 g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
19 // draw the border
20 g.setColor(Color.black);
21 g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
22 // create a random instance to generate the codes
23 Random rdm = new Random();
24 String hash1 = Integer.toHexString(rdm.nextInt());
25 // make some confusion
26 for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
27 int x = rdm.nextInt(width);
28 int y = rdm.nextInt(height);
29 g.drawOval(x, y, 0, 0);
30 }
31 // generate a random code
32 String capstr = hash1.substring(0, 4);
33 //将生成的验证码存入session
34 session.setAttribute("validateCode", capstr);
35 g.setColor(new Color(0, 100, 0));
36 g.setFont(new Font("Candara", Font.BOLD, 24));
37 g.drawString(capstr, 8, 24);
38 g.dispose();
39 //输出图片
40 response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
41 out.clear();
42 out = pageContext.pushBody();
43 OutputStream strm = response.getOutputStream();
44 ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", strm);
45 strm.close();
46 %>
1 /**
2 * 到登录界面
3 *
4 * @return
5 * @throws Exception
6 */
7 @RequestMapping("login.do")
8 public String adminPage(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
9 // 如果登陆失败从request中获取认证异常信息，shiroLoginFailure就是shiro异常类的全限定名
10 String exceptionClassName = (String) request.getAttribute("shiroLoginFailure");
11 // 根据shiro返回的异常类路径判断，抛出指定异常信息
12 if (exceptionClassName != null) {
13 if (UnknownAccountException.class.getName().equals(exceptionClassName)) {
14 // 最终会抛给异常处理器
15 throw new CustomJsonException("账号不存在");
16 } else if (IncorrectCredentialsException.class.getName().equals(exceptionClassName)) {
17 throw new CustomJsonException("用户名/密码错误");
18 } else if ("randomCodeError".equals(exceptionClassName)) {
19 throw new CustomJsonException("验证码错误 ");
20 } else {
21 throw new Exception();// 最终在异常处理器生成未知错误
22 }
23 }
24 // 此方法不处理登陆成功（认证成功），shiro认证成功会自动跳转到上一个请求路径
25 // 登陆失败还到login页面
26 return "admin/login";
27 }
当用户登录认证成功后，CustomRealm在调用完doGetAuthenticationInfo时，通过
1 AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(adminUser, password, this.getName()); 2 return authcInfo;
SimpleAuthenticationInfo构造参数的第一个参数传入一个用户的对象，之后，可通过Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();中的subject.getPrincipal()获取到此对象。
所以需要回显用户信息时，我这样调用的
1 @RequestMapping("index.do")
2 public String index(Model model) {
3 //从shiro的session中取activeUser
4 Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
5 //取身份信息
6 TAdminUser adminUser = (TAdminUser) subject.getPrincipal();
7 //通过model传到页面
8 model.addAttribute("adminUser", adminUser);
9 return "admin/index";
10 }
先引入shiro的头文件
1 <!-- shiro头引入 --> 2 <%@ taglib uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags" prefix="shiro"%>
采用shiro标签对权限进行处理
1 <!-- 有curd权限才显示修改链接，没有该 权限不显示，相当 于if(hasPermission(curd)) --> 2 <shiro:hasPermission name="curd"> 3 <BR /> 4 我拥有超级的增删改查权限额 5 </shiro:hasPermission>
通过@RequiresPermissions注解，指定执行此controller中某个请求方法需要的权限
1 @RequestMapping("/queryInfo.do")
2 @RequiresPermissions("q")//执行需要"q"权限
3 public ModelAndView queryItems(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
这里以修改密码为例,通过获取新的密码(明文)后通过MD5加密+加盐+6次加密为例
1 @RequestMapping("updatePassword.do")
2 @ResponseBody
3 public String updateAdminUserPassword(String newPassword) {
4 // 从shiro的session中取activeUser
5 Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
6 // 取身份信息
7 TAdminUser adminUser = (TAdminUser) subject.getPrincipal();
8 // 生成salt,随机生成
9 SecureRandomNumberGenerator secureRandomNumberGenerator = new SecureRandomNumberGenerator();
10 String salt = secureRandomNumberGenerator.nextBytes().toHex();
11 Md5Hash md5 = new Md5Hash(newPassword, salt, 6);
12 String newMd5Password = md5.toHex();
13 // 设置新密码
14 adminUser.setPassword(newMd5Password);
15 // 设置盐
16 adminUser.setSalt(salt);
17 adminUserService.updateAdminUserPassword(adminUser);
18 return newPassword;
19 }
ok!编码完成后对此WEB程序跑一下，截图符几张：
当前用户信息和权限信息表截图如下
系统管理员表：
权限表：
管理员权限关系中间表：