Git代码提交，固定日志模板

时间：2022年1月9日21:38:22

团队开发，但是每个人的日志风格不同该怎么办？

通过配置服务器的 Git 提交日志，就可以实现统一的代码提交风格。

先看实现效果，如下图

这样大家就必须按照现有的模板，填写对应内容，保持整体格式的统一。

Git 有提供一个示例文件，路径： .git/hooks/prepare-commit-msg.sample

查看文件内容，全是英文的，如下

zhaoc@ubuntu2004:~/09-GitRepository/TheCProgrammingLanguage/part-1/1-6$ cat ../../.git/hooks/prepare-commit-msg.sample
#!/bin/sh
#
# An example hook script to prepare the commit log message.
# Called by "git commit" with the name of the file that has the
# commit message, followed by the description of the commit
# message's source.  The hook's purpose is to edit the commit
# message file.  If the hook fails with a non-zero status,
# the commit is aborted.
#
# To enable this hook, rename this file to "prepare-commit-msg".

# This hook includes three examples. The first one removes the
# "# Please enter the commit message..." help message.
#
# The second includes the output of "git diff --name-status -r"
# into the message, just before the "git status" output.  It is
# commented because it doesn't cope with --amend or with squashed
# commits.
#
# The third example adds a Signed-off-by line to the message, that can
# still be edited.  This is rarely a good idea.

COMMIT_MSG_FILE=$1
COMMIT_SOURCE=$2
SHA1=$3

/usr/bin/perl -i.bak -ne 'print unless(m/^. Please enter the commit message/..m/^#$/)' "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"

# case "$COMMIT_SOURCE,$SHA1" in
#  ,|template,)
#    /usr/bin/perl -i.bak -pe '
#       print "\n" . `git diff --cached --name-status -r`
#        if /^#/ && $first++ == 0' "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE" ;;
#  *) ;;
# esac

# SOB=$(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -n 's/^\(.*>\).*$/Signed-off-by: \1/p')
# git interpret-trailers --in-place --trailer "$SOB" "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"
# if test -z "$COMMIT_SOURCE"
# then
#   /usr/bin/perl -i.bak -pe 'print "\n" if !$first_line++' "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"
# fi

文件最下边给出了两个示例，我们要用到的重点是这条语句

/usr/bin/perl -i.bak -pe 'print "\n" if !$first_line++' "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"

接下来修改自己的配置文件，复制原有的示例文件，命名为 prepare-commit-msg ，注意不带后缀！

cp .git/hooks/prepare-commit-msg.sample .git/hooks/prepare-commit-msg

修改 prepare-commit-msg 文件，直接屏蔽原代码语句，参考如下格式：

COMMIT_MSG_FILE=$1
COMMIT_SOURCE=$2
SHA1=$3

#/usr/bin/perl -i.bak -ne 'print unless(m/^. Please enter the commit message/..m/^#$/)' "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"

case "$2,$3" in
	merge,)
		/usr/bin/perl -i.bak -ne 's/^/# /, s/^# #/#/ if /^Conflicts/ .. /#/; print' "$1" ;;
	,|template,)
		/usr/bin/perl -i.bak -pe 'print "修改描述：\n影响分析：\n是否自测：\n自测内容：\n测试建议：\n代码审查：\nNOTE：\n" if /^#/ && $first++ == 0' "$1" ;;
	*) ;;
esac

修改完毕，先保存，再退出！

然后进行代码提交的测试即可，参考命令如下：

# 添加所有修改文件到缓存区（待提交区）
git add .

# 提交代码，并填写日志；
# 这一步会显示之前编写好的日志文件
git commit

# 填写完日志后，推送到服务器就可以啦
git push

好啦，我是小二，我们下期见~