一,全局配置文件 settings.py,注意文件中注释。
"""
Django settings for mysite project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.2.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""
# 全局配置信息 django 相关的全局配置信息,
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '0r%8osb-q+hn6meyt3qid97qmrlf@+4i@vq-tra1uym1i)83_c'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition 所有应用的名称 注意配置自定义应用
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'blog' # 添加自定义模块应用
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', # 安全防止跨站请求伪造
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')], # 注意需要配置 静态文件模板名称及路径。
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/' # 别名
# 关联根目录和 static 文件夹
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "blog/static"),
]
二,路由配置文件 urls.py
# 全局路由 ,分发url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, re_path
from django.conf.urls import url
from blog import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
# path('show_time/', views.show_time),
url(r'show_time/', views.show_time), # url(正则表达式, 视图函数, 参数, 别名) path(正则表达式, 视图函数, 参数, 别名)
# url(r'article/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})', views.article_year),
# path('article/<int:year>/<int:month>', views.article_year),
re_path('article/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})', views.article_year),
url(r'register/', views.register),
]
注意: Django1 中配置url 和Django2中的path,以上三种配置方式都包括,其中path和re_pathDjango2中默认配置方式,调用的是第三方, 无需太多关注。三种方式都可以使用。
路由别名的使用:
路由分发:
原因:所有的模块url都定义到全局路由配置文件中,会太多,而且不便于维护.所以在每个模块下创建一个urls.py 路由配置文件, 在全局中分发到不同应用的urls.py,如下