需求分析:将BookServiceImpl和BookDaoImpl交给Spring管理，并从容器中获取对应的bean
对象进行方法调用。
1.创建Maven的java项目
2.pom.xml添加Spring的依赖jar包
3.创建BookService,BookServiceImpl,BookDao和BookDaoImpl四个类
4.resources下添加spring配置文件，并完成bean的配置
5.使用Spring提供的接口完成IOC容器的创建
6.从容器中获取对象进行方法调用
<!-- pom.xml -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
// 创建BookService,BookServiceImpl，BookDao和BookDaoImpl四个类
public interface BookDao {
public void save();
}
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
public void save() {
System.out.println("book dao save ...");
}
}
public interface BookService {
public void save();
}
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
private BookDao bookDao = new BookDaoImpl();
public void save() {
System.out.println("book service save ...");
bookDao.save();
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--bean标签标示配置bean
id属性标示给bean起名字
class属性表示给bean定义类型
-->
<bean id="bookDao" class="com.alex.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl"/>
<bean id="bookService" class="com.alex.service.impl.BookServiceImpl"/>
</beans>
<!-- 注意事项：bean定义时id属性在同一个上下文中(配置文件)不能重复 -->
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//获取IOC容器
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
// BookDao bookDao = (BookDao) ctx.getBean("bookDao");
// bookDao.save();
BookService bookService = (BookService) ctx.getBean("bookService");
bookService.save();
}
}
需求:基于IOC入门案例，在BookServiceImpl类中删除new对象的方式，使用Spring的DI完成
Dao层的注入
1.删除业务层中使用new的方式创建的dao对象
2.在业务层提供BookDao的setter方法
3.在配置文件中添加依赖注入的配置
4.运行程序调用方法
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//删除业务层中使用new的方式创建的dao对象
private BookDao bookDao;
public void save() {
System.out.println("book service save ...");
bookDao.save();
}
}
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//删除业务层中使用new的方式创建的dao对象
private BookDao bookDao;
public void save() {
System.out.println("book service save ...");
bookDao.save();
}
//提供对应的set方法
public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
this.bookDao = bookDao;
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- bean标签标示配置bean
id属性标示给bean起名字
class属性表示给bean定义类型
-->
<bean id="bookDao" class="com.alex.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl"/>
<bean id="bookService" class="com.alex.service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
<!--配置server与dao的关系-->
<!--property标签表示配置当前bean的属性
name属性表示配置哪一个具体的属性
ref属性表示参照哪一个bean
-->
<property name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
<bean id="" class=""/>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--name:为bean指定别名，别名可以有多个，使用逗号，分号，空格进行分隔-->
<bean id="bookService" name="service service4 bookEbi" class="com.alex.service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"/>
</bean>
<!--scope：为bean设置作用范围，可选值为单例singloton，非单例prototype-->
<bean id="bookDao" name="dao" class="com.alex.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl"/>
</beans>
public class AppForName {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//此处根据bean标签的id属性和name属性的任意一个值来获取bean对象
BookService bookService = (BookService) ctx.getBean("service4");
bookService.save();
}
}
public class AppForScope {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
BookDao bookDao1 = (BookDao) ctx.getBean("bookDao");
BookDao bookDao2 = (BookDao) ctx.getBean("bookDao");
System.out.println(bookDao1);
System.out.println(bookDao2);
}
}
<bean id="bookDao" name="dao" class="com.alex.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl" scope=""/>
<bean id="bookDao" name="dao" class="com.alex.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl" scope="singleton"/>
<bean id="bookDao" name="dao" class="com.alex.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl" scope="prototype"/>
public interface BookDao {
public void save();
}
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
public void save() {
System.out.println("book dao save ...");
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="bookDao" class="com.alex.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl"/>
</beans>
public class AppForInstanceBook {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
BookDao bookDao = (BookDao) ctx.getBean("bookDao");
bookDao.save();
}
}
步骤4:类中提供构造函数测试
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
public BookDaoImpl() {
System.out.println("book dao constructor is running ....");
}
public void save() {
System.out.println("book dao save ...");
}
}
步骤5:将构造函数改成private测试
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
private BookDaoImpl() {
System.out.println("book dao constructor is running ....");
}
public void save() {
System.out.println("book dao save ...");
}
}
步骤6:构造函数中添加一个参数测试
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
private BookDaoImpl(int i) {
System.out.println("book dao constructor is running ....");
}
public void save() {
System.out.println("book dao save ...");
}
}
public interface OrderDao {
public void save();
}
public class OrderDaoImpl implements OrderDao {
public void save() {
System.out.println("order dao save ...");
}
}
//静态工厂创建对象
public class OrderDaoFactory {
public static OrderDao getOrderDao(){
return new OrderDaoImpl();
}
}
public class AppForInstanceOrder {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//通过静态工厂创建对象
OrderDao orderDao = OrderDaoFactory.getOrderDao();
orderDao.save();
}
}
<bean id="orderDao" class="com.alex.factory.OrderDaoFactory" factory- method="getOrderDao"/>
public class AppForInstanceOrder {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
OrderDao orderDao = (OrderDao) ctx.getBean("orderDao");
orderDao.save();
}
}
public class OrderDaoFactory {
public static OrderDao getOrderDao(){
System.out.println("factory setup....");//模拟必要的业务操作
return new OrderDaoImpl();
}
}
public interface UserDao {
public void save();
}
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
public void save() {
System.out.println("user dao save ...");
}
}
public class UserDaoFactory {
public UserDao getUserDao(){
return new UserDaoImpl();
}
}
public class AppForInstanceUser {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建实例工厂对象
UserDaoFactory userDaoFactory = new UserDaoFactory();
//通过实例工厂对象创建对象
UserDao userDao = userDaoFactory.getUserDao();
userDao.save();
}
}
<bean id="userFactory" class="com.alex.factory.UserDaoFactory"/>
<bean id="userDao" factory-method="getUserDao" factory-bean="userFactory"/>
public class AppForInstanceUser {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) ctx.getBean("userDao");
userDao.save();
}
}
public class UserDaoFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<UserDao> {
//代替原始实例工厂中创建对象的方法
public UserDao getObject() throws Exception {
return new UserDaoImpl();
}
//返回所创建类的Class对象
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return UserDao.class;
}
}
<bean id="userDao" class="com.alex.factory.UserDaoFactoryBean"/>
T getObject() throws Exception;
Class<?> getObjectType();
default boolean isSingleton() { return true; }
// 方法一:getObject()，被重写后，在方法中进行对象的创建并返回
// 方法二:getObjectType(),被重写后，主要返回的是被创建类的Class对象
// 方法三:没有被重写，因为它已经给了默认值，从方法名中可以看出其作用是设置对象是否为单例，默认true，false为非单例
// 一般情况下我们都会采用单例，也就是采用默认即可。所以isSingleton()方法一般不需要进行重写。