转自:
Spring 如何使用注解实现事务管理呢?
下文讲述Spring使用注解使用事务管理的方法分享
实现思路:
使用 Annotation 需进行以下设置
1.在 Spring 容器中注册驱动
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
2.在需要使用事务的业务类或者方法中添加注解 @Transactional，
并配置 @Transactional 的参数
@Transactional参数如下所示:
propagation：设置事务的传播行为
isolation：设置事务的隔离级别
readOnly：设置是读写事务还是只读事务
timeout：事务超时事件（单位：s）
例：
使用IDEA创建一个事务的项目
- 创建 SpringDemo 项目
- 在 src 目录下创建 com.java265 包
- 导入 Spring 相关 JAR 包及 mysql-connector-java.x.x.x.jar 包
- 在 com.java265 包下创建 User、UserDao、UserDaoImpl、Beans.xml 和 MainApp
- 运行 SpringDemo 项目
User 类
package com.java265;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
public User() {
}
public User(String name, Integer age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
// 省略set和get方法
}
UserDao类
package com.java265;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserDao {
/**
* 初始化User表
*/
void createUserTable();
/**
* 保存用户
*/
void saveUser(User user);
/**
* 查询用户
*/
List<User> listUser();
}
UserDaoImpl 类
package com.java265;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT, readOnly = false)
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
private UserDao userDao;
public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() {
return jdbcTemplate;
}
public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
}
public UserDao getUserDao() {
return userDao;
}
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
public void setDataSource(DataSource datasource) {
this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(datasource);
}
@Override
public void createUserTable() {
this.jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE `user` (\r\n" + " `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,\r\n"
+ " `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,\r\n" + " `age` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,\r\n"
+ " PRIMARY KEY (`id`)\r\n" + ") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;");
}
@Override
public void saveUser(User user) {
try {
this.jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER(NAME,age) VALUES (?,?)", user.getName(), user.getAge());
this.jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER(NAME,age) VALUES (?,?)", "google", 16);
throw new RuntimeException("simulate Error condition");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Error in creating record, rolling back");
throw e;
}
}
@Override
public List<User> listUser() {
List<User> users = this.jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT NAME,age FROM USER", new RowMapper<User>() {
public User mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
User user = new User();
user.setName(rs.getString("name"));
user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
return user;
}
});
return users;
}
}
@Transactional 注解的参数之间可以使用“，”进行分隔
Beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<!--数据库驱动 -->
<property name="driverClassName"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<!--连接数据库的url -->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test" />
<!--连接数据库的用户名 -->
<property name="username" value="root" />
<!--连接数据库的密码 -->
<property name="password" value="root" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<bean id="jdbcTemplate"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<bean id="userdao" class="com.java265.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate" />
</bean>
<!-- 注册事务管理驱动 -->
<tx:annotation-driven
transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
MainApp 类
package com.java265;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
UserDao dao = (UserDao) ctx.getBean("userdao");
dao.createUserTable();
dao.saveUser(new User("bianchengbang", 12));
dao.saveUser(new User("baidu", 18));
List users = dao.listUser();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println("姓名：" + user.getName() + "\t年龄：" + user.getAge());
}
}
}
运行结果---
Error in creating record, rolling back
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: simulate Error condition
...
