配置本地yum源，详细信息请参考《openEuler 22.03-LTS 搭建repo服务器》。
清除缓存。
# dnf clean all
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# dnf clean all
45 files removed
[root@superman-21 ~]#
创建缓存。
# dnf makecache
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# dnf makecache
OS 6.5 MB/s | 3.4 MB 00:00
everything 18 MB/s | 16 MB 00:00
EPOL 5.4 MB/s | 2.6 MB 00:00
debuginfo 3.2 MB/s | 3.9 MB 00:01
source 3.9 MB/s | 1.7 MB 00:00
update 15 MB/s | 29 MB 00:01
Metadata cache created.
[root@superman-21 ~]#
在root权限下安装mariadb服务器。
# dnf install mysql-server
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# dnf install mysql-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:45:47 ago on 2022年12月21日 星期三 17时18分58秒.
Dependencies resolved.
====================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-server x86_64 8.0.28-1.oe2203 everything 23 M
Installing dependencies:
mariadb-config x86_64 4:10.5.16-1.oe2203 update 8.0 k
mecab x86_64 0.996-2.oe2203 everything 371 k
mysql x86_64 8.0.28-1.oe2203 OS 10 M
mysql-common x86_64 8.0.28-1.oe2203 OS 30 k
mysql-errmsg x86_64 8.0.28-1.oe2203 everything 545 k
mysql-selinux noarch 1.0.0-2.oe2203 everything 35 k
protobuf-lite x86_64 3.14.0-6.oe2203 update 217 k
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================================
Install 8 Packages
Total download size: 35 M
Installed size: 188 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/8): mysql-common-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 241 kB/s | 30 kB 00:00
(2/8): mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 371 kB 00:00
(3/8): mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch.rpm 784 kB/s | 35 kB 00:00
(4/8): mysql-errmsg-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 545 kB 00:00
(5/8): mariadb-config-10.5.16-1.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 113 kB/s | 8.0 kB 00:00
(6/8): protobuf-lite-3.14.0-6.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 217 kB 00:00
(7/8): mysql-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 7.6 MB/s | 10 MB 00:01
(8/8): mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 5.1 MB/s | 23 MB 00:04
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 7.1 MB/s | 35 MB 00:04
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : mariadb-config-4:10.5.16-1.oe2203.x86_64 1/8
Installing : mysql-common-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 2/8
Installing : mysql-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 3/8
Installing : mysql-errmsg-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 4/8
Installing : protobuf-lite-3.14.0-6.oe2203.x86_64 5/8
Running scriptlet: mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch 6/8
Installing : mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch 6/8
Running scriptlet: mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch 6/8
libsemanage.semanage_direct_install_info: Overriding mysql module at lower priority 100 with module at priority 200.
Installing : mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64 7/8
Running scriptlet: mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64 7/8
Running scriptlet: mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 8/8
Installing : mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 8/8
Running scriptlet: mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 8/8
Running scriptlet: mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch 8/8
Running scriptlet: mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 8/8
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/pesign.conf:1: Line references path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/pesign → /run/pesign; please update the tmpfiles.d/ drop-in file accordingly.
Verifying : mysql-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 1/8
Verifying : mysql-common-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 2/8
Verifying : mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64 3/8
Verifying : mysql-errmsg-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 4/8
Verifying : mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch 5/8
Verifying : mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 6/8
Verifying : mariadb-config-4:10.5.16-1.oe2203.x86_64 7/8
Verifying : protobuf-lite-3.14.0-6.oe2203.x86_64 8/8
Installed:
mariadb-config-4:10.5.16-1.oe2203.x86_64 mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64 mysql-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64
mysql-common-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 mysql-errmsg-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch
mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 protobuf-lite-3.14.0-6.oe2203.x86_64
Complete!
[root@superman-21 ~]#
查看安装后的rpm包。
# rpm -qa | grep mysql
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64
mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch
mysql-errmsg-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64
mysql-common-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64
mysql-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64
[root@superman-21 ~]#
修改配置文件。
在root权限下创建my.cnf文件，其中文件路径（包括软件安装路径basedir、数据路径datadir等）根据实际情况修改。
# vi /etc/my.cnf
编辑my.cnf内容如下：
log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysqlerr.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid
[mysqldump]
quick
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/share/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/run/mysql.sock
tmpdir=/data/mysql/tmp
datadir=/data/mysql/data
lc-messages-dir=/usr/share/mysql
authentication_policy=mysql_native_password
port=3306
user=mysql
确保my.cnf配置文件修改正确。
# cat /etc/my.cnf
注意：
其中basedir为软件安装路径，请根据实际情况修改。
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysqlerr.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid
[mysqldump]
quick
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/share/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/run/mysql.sock
tmpdir=/data/mysql/tmp
datadir=/data/mysql/data
lc-messages-dir=/usr/share/mysql
authentication_policy=mysql_native_password
port=3306
user=mysql
[root@superman-21 ~]#
设置socket软连接。
# ln -s /data/mysql/run/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# ln -s /data/mysql/run/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@superman-21 ~]#
在root权限下初始化数据库。
说明：
本步骤倒数第2行中有初始密码，请注意保存，登录数据库时需要使用。
# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize
2022-12-21T11:46:52.711486Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/libexec/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.28) initializing of server in progress as process 9296
2022-12-21T11:46:52.719415Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2022-12-21T11:46:52.929564Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2022-12-21T11:46:53.791786Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: +KmMm/t/q8x4
[root@superman-21 ~]#
查看打印信息，打印信息中包括“initializing of server has completed”表示初始化数据库完成，且打印信息中“A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: +KmMm/t/q8x4”的“+KmMm/t/q8x4”为初始密码。
启动数据库。
如果第一次启动数据库服务，以root用户启动数据库，则启动时会提示缺少mysql.log文件而导致失败。使用mysql用户启动之后，会在/data/mysql/log目录下生成mysql.log文件，再次使用root用户启动则不会报错。
在root权限下启动MySQL数据库。
# systemctl start mysqld
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@superman-21 ~]#
[root@superman-21 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL 8.0 database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-12-21 19:51:29 CST; 6s ago
Process: 9349 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-socket (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 9372 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-prepare-db-dir mysqld.service (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 9408 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 38 (limit: 21420)
Memory: 362.6M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─ 9408 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr
12月 21 19:51:20 superman-21 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL 8.0 database server...
12月 21 19:51:24 superman-21 mysqld[9408]: 2022-12-21T11:51:24.402543Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/libexec/mysqld (mysqld >
12月 21 19:51:24 superman-21 mysqld[9408]: 2022-12-21T11:51:24.447428Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has st>
12月 21 19:51:28 superman-21 mysqld[9408]: 2022-12-21T11:51:28.034838Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has en>
12月 21 19:51:29 superman-21 mysqld[9408]: 2022-12-21T11:51:29.808010Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is se>
12月 21 19:51:29 superman-21 mysqld[9408]: 2022-12-21T11:51:29.808074Z 0 [System] [MY-013602] [Server] Channel mysql_main configure>
12月 21 19:51:29 superman-21 mysqld[9408]: 2022-12-21T11:51:29.830258Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready f>
12月 21 19:51:29 superman-21 mysqld[9408]: 2022-12-21T11:51:29.830320Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connectio>
12月 21 19:51:29 superman-21 systemd[1]: Started MySQL 8.0 database server.
[root@superman-21 ~]#
登录数据库。
说明：
- 提示输入密码时，请输入
2产生的初始密码。- 如果采用官网RPM安装方式，则mysql文件在/usr/bin目录下。登录数据库的命令根据实际情况修改。
# mysql -uroot -p
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.28
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
配置数据库帐号密码。
登录数据库以后，修改通过root用户登录数据库的密码。
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by "123456";
例如示例命令如下：
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by "123456";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
创建全域root用户（允许root从其他服务器访问）。
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
例如示例命令如下：
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
进行授权。
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
mysql> flush privileges;
例如示例命令如下：
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
退出数据库。
执行 \q 或者 exit 退出数据库。
mysql> \q
mysql> exit
例如示例命令如下：
mysql> \q
Bye
[root@superman-21 ~]#
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@superman-21 ~]#
在root权限下关闭数据库进程。
# systemctl stop mysqld
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@superman-21 ~]#
在root权限下执行dnf remove mysql命令卸载MySQL。
# dnf remove mysql
例如示例命令如下：
[root@superman-21 ~]# dnf remove mysql
Dependencies resolved.
====================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================================================
Removing:
mysql x86_64 8.0.28-1.oe2203 @OS 59 M
Removing dependent packages:
mysql-server x86_64 8.0.28-1.oe2203 @everything 117 M
Removing unused dependencies:
mariadb-config x86_64 4:10.5.16-1.oe2203 @update 345
mecab x86_64 0.996-2.oe2203 @everything 2.1 M
mysql-common x86_64 8.0.28-1.oe2203 @OS 185 k
mysql-errmsg x86_64 8.0.28-1.oe2203 @everything 9.1 M
mysql-selinux noarch 1.0.0-2.oe2203 @everything 49 k
protobuf-lite x86_64 3.14.0-6.oe2203 @update 779 k
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================================
Remove 8 Packages
Freed space: 188 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Running scriptlet: mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 1/8
Erasing : mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 1/8
Running scriptlet: mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 1/8
Erasing : mysql-errmsg-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 2/8
Erasing : mysql-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 3/8
Erasing : mysql-common-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 4/8
Erasing : mariadb-config-4:10.5.16-1.oe2203.x86_64 5/8
警告：/etc/my.cnf 已另存为 /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave
Erasing : mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch 6/8
Running scriptlet: mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch 6/8
libsemanage.semanage_direct_remove_key: mysql module at priority 100 is now active.
Erasing : mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64 7/8
Running scriptlet: mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64 7/8
Erasing : protobuf-lite-3.14.0-6.oe2203.x86_64 8/8
Running scriptlet: protobuf-lite-3.14.0-6.oe2203.x86_64 8/8
Verifying : mariadb-config-4:10.5.16-1.oe2203.x86_64 1/8
Verifying : mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64 2/8
Verifying : mysql-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 3/8
Verifying : mysql-common-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 4/8
Verifying : mysql-errmsg-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 5/8
Verifying : mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch 6/8
Verifying : mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 7/8
Verifying : protobuf-lite-3.14.0-6.oe2203.x86_64 8/8
Removed:
mariadb-config-4:10.5.16-1.oe2203.x86_64 mecab-0.996-2.oe2203.x86_64 mysql-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64
mysql-common-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 mysql-errmsg-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 mysql-selinux-1.0.0-2.oe2203.noarch
mysql-server-8.0.28-1.oe2203.x86_64 protobuf-lite-3.14.0-6.oe2203.x86_64
Complete!
[root@superman-21 ~]#