测试环境：vmware 7 + Redhat5.5，系统时间使用UTC，时区为上海。
1、函数功能介绍
使用man gmtime或man localtime都可以的得到这几个函数的介绍。原型如下：
struct tm *gmtime(const time_t *timep);
struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result);
struct tm *localtime(const time_t *timep);
struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result);
man手册中对它们的解释如下：
The gmtime() function converts the calendar time timep to broken-down time representation, expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). It may return NULL when the year does not fit into an integer. The return value points to a statically allocated struct which might be overwritten by subsequent calls to any of the date and time functions. The gmtime_r() function does the same, but stores the data in a user-supplied struct.
The localtime() function converts the calendar time timep to broken-time representation, expressed relative to the user's specified time zone. The function acts as if it called tzset(3) and sets the external variables tzname with information about the current time zone, timezone with the difference between Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and local standard time in seconds, and daylight to a non-zero value if daylight savings time rules apply during some part of the year. The return value points to a statically allocated struct which might be overwritten by subsequent calls to any of the date and time functions. The localtime_r() function does the same, but stores the data in a user-supplied struct. It need not set tzname。
翻译如下：
gmtime() 函数将日历时间timep转换为用UTC时间表示的时间。它可能返回NULL，比如年份不能放到一个整数中。返回值指向一个静态分配的结构，该结构可能会被接下来的任何日期和时间函数调用覆盖。gmtime_r()函数功能与此相同，但是它可以将数据存储到用户提供的结构体中。
localtime() 函数将日历时间timep转换为用户指定的时区的时间。这个函数的行为好像是它调用了
