我就是这样做的 -
对于模式（或数据库 - 它们是同义词）：
SELECT default_character_set_name FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA
WHERE schema_name = "mydatabasename";
对于表格：
SELECT CCSA.character_set_name FROM information_schema.`TABLES` T,
information_schema.`COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY` CCSA
WHERE CCSA.collation_name = T.table_collation
AND T.table_schema = "mydatabasename"
AND T.table_name = "tablename";
对于列：
SELECT character_set_name FROM information_schema.`COLUMNS`
WHERE table_schema = "mydatabasename"
AND table_name = "tablename"
AND column_name = "columnname";
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