调用open时如何调用sys_open而不是sys_openat

我编写了一段代码来生成系统调用

void open_test(int fd, const char *filepath) {
    if (fd == -1) {
        printf("Open \"%s\" Failed!\n", filepath);
    } else {
        printf("Successfully Open \"%s\"!\n", filepath);
        write(fd, "successfully open!", sizeof("successfully open!") - 1);
        close(fd);
    }
    fflush(stdout);
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
    const char fp1[] = "whatever.txt", fp2[] = "./not-exist.txt";
    int fd1 = open(fp1, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, S_IRWXU);
    int fd2 = open(fp2, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, S_IRWXU);
    open_test(fd1, fp1);
    open_test(fd2, fp2);
    return 0;
}

和另一个程序（详细信息省略）来捕获系统调用，但后来我发现了所有open()结果调用的是 sys_openat 而不是 sys_open。

以下文本是程序的输出：

Detect system call open, %rax is 257, Addr is 0x00007fefef78aec8, Pathname is /etc/ld.so.cache
Detect system call open, %rax is 257, Addr is 0x00007fefef78aec8, Pathname is /etc/ld.so.cache
Detect system call open, %rax is 257, Addr is 0x00007fefef993dd0, Pathname is /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
Detect system call open, %rax is 257, Addr is 0x00007fefef993dd0, Pathname is /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
Detect system call open, %rax is 257, Addr is 0x00007fffd44e38e3, Pathname is whatever.txt
Detect system call open, %rax is 257, Addr is 0x00007fffd44e38e3, Pathname is whatever.txt
Detect system call open, %rax is 257, Addr is 0x00007fffd44e38f0, Pathname is ./not-exist.txt
Detect system call open, %rax is 257, Addr is 0x00007fffd44e38f0, Pathname is ./not-exist.txt
Successfully Open "whatever.txt"!
Open "./not-exist.txt" Failed!

这里 rax=257 表示调用了 sys_openat（对于 sys_open，rax=2）

您可以通过以下方式致电syscall(2)包装：syscall(SYS_open, ...):

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>

int main(void){
        char *path = "whatever.txt";
        int fd = syscall(SYS_open, path, O_RDONLY, 0);
        if(fd == -1) err(1, "SYS_open %s", path);
}

但为什么要麻烦呢？SYS_openat现在是规范的系统调用，open(2)只是一个 API，并且SYS_open保留系统调用条目只是为了向后二进制兼容性。

在较新的架构上，可能没有实际的SYS_open根本没有系统调用。