cvc-complex-type.2.4.c：匹配通配符严格，但找不到元素“bean”的声明 - Spring 配置问题

我正在尝试使用 Spring 4 设置 Hibernate 4，但在配置它时遇到了一些问题。具体来说，在我的servlet-context.xml文件中，我按照指南向该文件添加了以下代码块：

<bean id="sessionFactory"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="configLocation">
        <value>/WEB-INF/hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
    <props>
        <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
        <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    </props>
    </property>
</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven />
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

这两个都显示以下错误：cvc-complex-type.2.4.c: The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'bean'

会话工厂 bean 也显示此错误：Cannot locate BeanDefintionParser for element [bean]

这是我的整个“servlet-context.xml”文件（为了简洁起见，不包括这两个代码块，但请注意它们实际上在文件中）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd">

<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->

<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
<annotation-driven />

<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <!--  <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />-->
    <!--   <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> -->
</beans:bean>

<context:component-scan base-package="pear.pear.pear" />

</beans:beans>

我该如何解决这些问题？

您将该 XML 文件的默认命名空间设置为mvc，所以你需要为你的元素添加前缀（beans:bean) 或将默认命名空间更改为beans（通常的方法）。