Python实例浅谈之三Python与C/C++相互调用

/***gcc -o libpycall.so -shared -fPIC pycall.c*/  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
int foo(int a, int b)  
{  
  printf("you input %d and %d\n", a, b);  
  return a+b;  
}    

import ctypes  
ll = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary   
lib = ll("./libpycall.so")    
lib.foo(1, 3)  
print '***finish***'    

（4）运行结果：

import commands  
import os  
main = "./testmain"  
if os.path.exists(main):  
    rc, out = commands.getstatusoutput(main)  
    print 'rc = %d, \nout = %s' % (rc, out)  
  
print '*'*10  
f = os.popen(main)    
data = f.readlines()    
f.close()    
print data  
  
print '*'*10  
os.system(main)    

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <string.h>  
  
int fac(int n)  
{  
    if (n < 2) return(1); /* 0! == 1! == 1 */  
    return (n)*fac(n-1); /* n! == n*(n-1)! */  
}  
  
char *reverse(char *s)  
{  
    register char t,                    /* tmp */  
            *p = s,                     /* fwd */  
            *q = (s + (strlen(s) - 1)); /* bwd */  
  
    while (p < q)               /* if p < q */  
    {  
        t = *p;         /* swap & move ptrs */  
        *p++ = *q;  
        *q-- = t;  
    }  
    return(s);  
}  
  
int main()  
{  
    char s[BUFSIZ];  
    printf("4! == %d\n", fac(4));  
    printf("8! == %d\n", fac(8));  
    printf("12! == %d\n", fac(12));  
    strcpy(s, "abcdef");  
    printf("reversing 'abcdef', we get '%s'\n", \  
        reverse(s));  
    strcpy(s, "madam");  
    printf("reversing 'madam', we get '%s'\n", \  
        reverse(s));  
    return 0;  
}    

#test function  
def add(a,b):  
    print "in python function add"  
    print "a = " + str(a)  
    print "b = " + str(b)  
    print "ret = " + str(a+b)  
    return  
  
def foo(a):  
  
    print "in python function foo"  
    print "a = " + str(a)  
    print "ret = " + str(a * a)  
    return   
  
class guestlist:  
    def __init__(self):  
        print "aaaa"  
    def p():  
      print "bbbbb"  
    def __getitem__(self, id):  
      return "ccccc"  
def update():  
    guest = guestlist()  
    print guest['aa']  
  
#update()    

/**g++ -o callpy callpy.cpp -I/usr/include/python2.6 -L/usr/lib64/python2.6/config -lpython2.6**/  
#include <Python.h>  
int main(int argc, char** argv)  
{  
    // 初始化Python  
    //在使用Python系统前，必须使用Py_Initialize对其  
    //进行初始化。它会载入Python的内建模块并添加系统路  
    //径到模块搜索路径中。这个函数没有返回值，检查系统  
    //是否初始化成功需要使用Py_IsInitialized。  
    Py_Initialize();  
  
    // 检查初始化是否成功  
    if ( !Py_IsInitialized() ) {  
        return -1;  
    }  
    // 添加当前路径  
    //把输入的字符串作为Python代码直接运行，返回0  
    //表示成功，-1表示有错。大多时候错误都是因为字符串  
    //中有语法错误。  
    PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");  
    PyRun_SimpleString("print '---import sys---'");   
    PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')");  
    PyObject *pName,*pModule,*pDict,*pFunc,*pArgs;  
  
    // 载入名为pytest的脚本  
    pName = PyString_FromString("pytest");  
    pModule = PyImport_Import(pName);  
    if ( !pModule ) {  
        printf("can't find pytest.py");  
        getchar();  
        return -1;  
    }  
    pDict = PyModule_GetDict(pModule);  
    if ( !pDict ) {  
        return -1;  
    }  
  
    // 找出函数名为add的函数  
    printf("----------------------\n");  
    pFunc = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "add");  
    if ( !pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc) ) {  
        printf("can't find function [add]");  
        getchar();  
        return -1;  
     }  
  
    // 参数进栈  
    *pArgs;  
    pArgs = PyTuple_New(2);  
  
    //  PyObject* Py_BuildValue(char *format, ...)  
    //  把C++的变量转换成一个Python对象。当需要从  
    //  C++传递变量到Python时，就会使用这个函数。此函数  
    //  有点类似C的printf，但格式不同。常用的格式有  
    //  s 表示字符串，  
    //  i 表示整型变量，  
    //  f 表示浮点数，  
    //  O 表示一个Python对象。  
  
    PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, Py_BuildValue("l",3));  
    PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 1, Py_BuildValue("l",4));  
  
    // 调用Python函数  
    PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);  
  
    //下面这段是查找函数foo 并执行foo  
    printf("----------------------\n");  
    pFunc = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "foo");  
    if ( !pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc) ) {  
        printf("can't find function [foo]");  
        getchar();  
        return -1;  
     }  
  
    pArgs = PyTuple_New(1);  
    PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, Py_BuildValue("l",2));   
  
    PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);  
       
    printf("----------------------\n");  
    pFunc = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "update");  
    if ( !pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc) ) {  
        printf("can't find function [update]");  
        getchar();  
        return -1;  
     }  
    pArgs = PyTuple_New(0);  
    PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, Py_BuildValue(""));  
    PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);       
  
    Py_DECREF(pName);  
    Py_DECREF(pArgs);  
    Py_DECREF(pModule);  
  
    // 关闭Python  
    Py_Finalize();  
    return 0;  
}