seaborn clustermap：subplots_adjust 取消颜色条重新定位

我正在尝试使用seaborn制作侧面带有颜色条的热图。但是，在我的实际应用程序案例中，我有很长的列名称需要轮换。这需要使用plt.subplots_adjust，否则标签不适合图像：

plt.setp(g.ax_heatmap.get_xticklabels(), rotation=90)
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)

使用以下最小示例，我发现最后一个命令正在取消颜色条重新定位：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

iris = sns.load_dataset("iris")
species = iris.pop("species")
# Make long column names
iris.columns = ["________".join(label.split("_")) for label in iris.columns]


g = sns.clustermap(iris, col_cluster=False, yticklabels=False)
# Relocate colour bar on the side
g.cax.set_position([.15, .2, .03, .45])
plt.setp(g.ax_heatmap.get_xticklabels(), rotation=90)
plt.savefig("/tmp/unadjusted.png")

plt.cla()

g = sns.clustermap(iris, col_cluster=False, yticklabels=False)
g.cax.set_position([.15, .2, .03, .45])
plt.setp(g.ax_heatmap.get_xticklabels(), rotation=90)
# Adjust to have the column labels not cut out
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)
plt.savefig("/tmp/adjusted.png")

这会产生以下图像：

Without plt.subplots_adjust:

With plt.subplots_adjust:

为什么会出现这种情况？

这是一个错误吗？

我该怎么做才能将颜色条放在我想要的位置，并且仍然确保我的旋转颜色标签不会被剪切？

根据建议@ImportanceOfBeingErnest https://stackoverflow.com/users/4124317/importanceofbeingernest，我尝试在移动颜色条之前进行调整。这导致了以下图像：

由于我实际上不需要树状图，而只是聚类，因此通过使用树状图框放置颜色条可以获得更令人满意的结果：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

iris = sns.load_dataset("iris")
species = iris.pop("species")
# Make long column names
iris.columns = ["________".join(label.split("_")) for label in iris.columns]

g = sns.clustermap(iris, col_cluster=False, yticklabels=False)
plt.setp(g.ax_heatmap.get_xticklabels(), rotation=90)
# Adjust to have the column labels not cut out
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)
g.cax.set_position([.15, .2, .03, .45])
plt.savefig("/tmp/adjusted_before.png")

plt.cla()

g = sns.clustermap(iris, col_cluster=False, yticklabels=False)
plt.setp(g.ax_heatmap.get_xticklabels(), rotation=90)
# Adjust to have the column labels not cut out
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)
# Remove the dendrogram (https://stackoverflow.com/a/42418968/1878788)
g.ax_row_dendrogram.set_visible(False)
# Use the dendrogram box to reposition the colour bar
dendro_box = g.ax_row_dendrogram.get_position()
dendro_box.x0 = (dendro_box.x0 + 2 * dendro_box.x1) / 3
g.cax.set_position(dendro_box)
# Move the ticks to the left (https://stackoverflow.com/a/36939552/1878788)
g.cax.yaxis.set_ticks_position("left")
# If we add a label to the colour bar
# (cbar_kws={"label" : "the_label"} in clustermap arguments)
# we also need to move the label
# g.cax.yaxis.set_label_position("left")
plt.savefig("/tmp/adjusted_before_using_row_dendrogram_box.png")

这会生成以下图像：

编辑：同样的问题发生在plt.tight_layout.

进一步开发我的热图，我想添加带有图例的行颜色（使用中提出的方法这个答案 https://stackoverflow.com/a/27992943/1878788）。在我的实际应用案例中，图例需要足够的水平空间才能从图像中剪切出来。

我想用plt.tight_layout调整图像。这再次干扰了颜色条的重新定位（甚至没有解决剪切图例问题...），如以下示例所示。

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

iris = sns.load_dataset("iris")
species = iris.pop("species")
# Make long column names
iris.columns = ["________".join(label.split("_")) for label in iris.columns]


# Associating colours with species
species_list = species.unique()
label_colours = dict(zip(species_list, sns.color_palette("colorblind", len(species_list))))
row_colours = species.map(label_colours)

g = sns.clustermap(iris, col_cluster=False, yticklabels=False, row_colors=row_colours, cbar_kws={"label" : "measure"})
# Adding row colour legend
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/27992943/1878788
for (label, colour) in label_colours.items():
    # Make long label
    g.ax_col_dendrogram.bar(0, 0, color=colour, label="Iris___________________{}".format(label))
g.ax_col_dendrogram.legend(loc="center", ncol=3)
# Rotating column labels
plt.setp(g.ax_heatmap.get_xticklabels(), rotation=90)
# Adjust to have the column labels not cut out
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)
# Remove the dendrogram (https://stackoverflow.com/a/42418968/1878788)
g.ax_row_dendrogram.set_visible(False)
# Use the dendrogram box to reposition the colour bar
dendro_box = g.ax_row_dendrogram.get_position()
dendro_box.x0 = (dendro_box.x0 + 2 * dendro_box.x1) / 3
g.cax.set_position(dendro_box)
# Move the ticks and labels to the left (https://stackoverflow.com/a/36939552/1878788)
g.cax.yaxis.set_ticks_position("left")
g.cax.yaxis.set_label_position("left")
plt.savefig("/tmp/with_row_colour_lengend.png")

plt.cla()

g = sns.clustermap(iris, col_cluster=False, yticklabels=False, row_colors=row_colours, cbar_kws={"label" : "measure"})
# Adding row colour legend
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/27992943/1878788
for (label, colour) in label_colours.items():
    # Make long label
    g.ax_col_dendrogram.bar(0, 0, color=colour, label="Iris___________________{}".format(label))
g.ax_col_dendrogram.legend(loc="center", ncol=3)
# Rotating column labels
plt.setp(g.ax_heatmap.get_xticklabels(), rotation=90)
# Adjust to have the column labels not cut out
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)
# Remove the dendrogram (https://stackoverflow.com/a/42418968/1878788)
g.ax_row_dendrogram.set_visible(False)
# Use the dendrogram box to reposition the colour bar
dendro_box = g.ax_row_dendrogram.get_position()
dendro_box.x0 = (dendro_box.x0 + 2 * dendro_box.x1) / 3
g.cax.set_position(dendro_box)
# Move the ticks and labels to the left (https://stackoverflow.com/a/36939552/1878788)
g.cax.yaxis.set_ticks_position("left")
g.cax.yaxis.set_label_position("left")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.savefig("/tmp/tight_after.png")

plt.cla()

g = sns.clustermap(iris, col_cluster=False, yticklabels=False, row_colors=row_colours, cbar_kws={"label" : "measure"})
# Adding row colour legend
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/27992943/1878788
for (label, colour) in label_colours.items():
    # Make long label
    g.ax_col_dendrogram.bar(0, 0, color=colour, label="Iris___________________{}".format(label))
g.ax_col_dendrogram.legend(loc="center", ncol=3)
plt.tight_layout()
# Rotating column labels
plt.setp(g.ax_heatmap.get_xticklabels(), rotation=90)
# Adjust to have the column labels not cut out
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)
# Remove the dendrogram (https://stackoverflow.com/a/42418968/1878788)
g.ax_row_dendrogram.set_visible(False)
# Use the dendrogram box to reposition the colour bar
dendro_box = g.ax_row_dendrogram.get_position()
dendro_box.x0 = (dendro_box.x0 + 2 * dendro_box.x1) / 3
g.cax.set_position(dendro_box)
# Move the ticks and labels to the left (https://stackoverflow.com/a/36939552/1878788)
g.cax.yaxis.set_ticks_position("left")
g.cax.yaxis.set_label_position("left")
plt.savefig("/tmp/tight_before.png")

结果如下：

Without plt.tight_layout，最右边的标签被切掉（物种应该是“virginica”）：

Calling plt.tight_layout重新定位颜色条后：

Calling plt.tight_layout在重新定位颜色条之前：