字符串匹配技术

以下字符串被视为相等。我怎样才能匹配这样的东西？

"Hazard Const. Company"
"hazard construction company"

"PETERSON-CHASE GENERAL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION INC"
"peterson-chase general  engineering construction inc"

"TRAFFIC DEVELOPMENT SERVICES "
"traffic development services"

我的环境是红宝石，但我只是想知道匹配字符串的一般原则。由于空格问题和缩写，上面的示例不适用于基本的“a”==“b”。我可以使用正则表达式忽略大小写或小写字符串来缓解大小写问题...

以下示例比较所有字符串并计算编辑差异（使一个字符串适应另一个字符串所需的击键次数）。

根据定义的最大差异和对字符串长度的补偿，然后将字符串作为包含出现次数值的键放入哈希中。

require 'levenshtein'

MAX_DISTANCE, COMPENSATION = 3, 5

strings = [
    "Hazard Const. Company",
    "hazard construction company",
    "PETERSON-CHASE GENERAL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION INC",
    "peterson-chase general  engineering construction inc",
    "TRAFFIC DEVELOPMENT SERVICES ",
    "traffic development services"
]

result = {}
strings.each do |s|
    s.downcase!
  similar = result.keys.select { |key| Levenshtein.distance(key, s) < MAX_DISTANCE+(s.length/COMPENSATION) }
  if similar.any?
    result[similar.first] += 1
  else
    result.merge!({s => 1})
  end
end

puts result.inspect
# {"hazard const. company"=>2, "peterson-chase general engineering construction inc"=>2, "traffic development services "=>2}