tl;dr

如何安装所有组件以在 docker 容器中运行 Selenium？

Question

我从这张图片开始：

FROM microsoft/aspnetcore-build:2 AS builder
WORKDIR /source

COPY . .
RUN dotnet restore
RUN dotnet build
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "run"]

我怎样才能启动并使用无头 Chrome 驱动程序：

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--headless");
options.AddArgument("--disable-gpu");
var driverPath = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(environment.ContentRootPath, "bin/Debug/netcoreapp2.0"));
return new ChromeDriver(driverPath, options, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60));

在 docker 容器内？

我尝试过什么

安装 Chrome 驱动程序

The chromedriver是通过Selenium.WebDriver.ChromeDriverNuGet 包。

安装 Chrome

在我安装了 Google Chrome 的 Mac OS X 上，当前设置运行得很好。

我尝试添加这些行：

RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y install libglib2.0-dev libxi6 libnss3-dev
RUN wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add -
RUN sh -c 'echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list'
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y install google-chrome-stable

以上安装了此版本的 Chrome：

google-chrome-stable:
  Installed: 64.0.3282.119-1
  Candidate: 64.0.3282.119-1
  Version table:
 *** 64.0.3282.119-1 500
        500 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

与 Chrome 驱动程序的版本兼容。

这是因为尝试解决通过尝试使用 docker 容器运行 Selenium 时出现的每个错误。

如果我运行这个设置，我会得到：

启动 ChromeDriver 2.35.528139 (47ead77cb35ad2a9a83248b292151462a66cd881) 端口 57889 仅限本地 允许连接。发送请求时发生错误。 无法连接到

运行容器时。

在容器中调试

如果我手动进入容器并尝试手动运行 chrome 驱动程序，我会得到：

在端口 9515 上启动 ChromeDriver 2.35.528139 (47ead77cb35ad2a9a83248b292151462a66cd881) 仅允许本地连接。

和跑步curl -i http://localhost:9515/status I get:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Length:136
Content-Type:application/json; charset=utf-8
Connection:close

{"sessionId":"","status":0,"value":{"build":{"version":"alpha"},"os":{"arch":"x86_64","name":"Linux","version":"4.9.60-linuxkit-aufs"}}}

所以看来驱动程序工作得很好。

如果我通过以下方式运行 chrome headlessgoogle-chrome-stable --headless --disable-cpu --no-sandbox I get:

[0125/210641.877388:WARNING:discardable_shared_memory_manager.cc(178)] Less than 64MB of free space in temporary directory for shared memory files: 63
[0125/210641.902689:ERROR:instance.cc(49)] Unable to locate service manifest for metrics
[0125/210641.902756:ERROR:service_manager.cc(890)] Failed to resolve service name: metrics
[0125/210642.031088:ERROR:instance.cc(49)] Unable to locate service manifest for metrics
[0125/210642.031119:ERROR:service_manager.cc(890)] Failed to resolve service name: metrics
[0125/210642.032934:ERROR:gpu_process_transport_factory.cc(1009)] Lost UI shared context.

第一个警告可以通过设置 docker 卷来解决/dev/shm:/dev/shm或通过设置-shm-size到大的东西（高于 64MB）。

其余的错误，如果谷歌的话，会导致我从 Google Chrome 存储库中获得许多错误报告。

我使用了 Selenium 映像，在那里安装了 dotnet 运行时并使其正常工作。
这是我的 Dockerfile：

FROM selenium/standalone-chrome:latest AS base
WORKDIR /app

# build and copy dotnet project
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:5.0-buster-slim AS build
WORKDIR /src
COPY ["TestBot/TestBot.csproj", "TestBot/"]
RUN dotnet restore "TestBot/TestBot.csproj"
COPY . .
WORKDIR "/src/TestBot"
RUN dotnet build "TestBot.csproj" -c Release -o /app/build

FROM build AS publish
RUN dotnet publish "TestBot.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish

FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .

# install dotnet
RUN sudo wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/debian/10/packages-microsoft-prod.deb -O packages-microsoft-prod.deb
RUN sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb
RUN sudo apt-get update
RUN sudo apt-get install -y dotnet-runtime-5.0

ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "TestBot.dll"]

我的 C# 代码与您的类似：

using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using System.Drawing;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;
using System.Threading;

namespace TestBot
{
    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ChromeOptions Options = new ChromeOptions();

            if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
            {
                Options.AddAdditionalCapability("platform", "WIN10", true); // Supported values: "VISTA" (Windows 7), "WIN8" (Windows 8), "WIN8_1" (windows 8.1), "WIN10" (Windows 10), "LINUX" (Linux)
            }
            else
            {
                Options.AddAdditionalCapability("platform", "LINUX", true); // Supported values: "VISTA" (Windows 7), "WIN8" (Windows 8), "WIN8_1" (windows 8.1), "WIN10" (Windows 10), "LINUX" (Linux)
            }
            Options.AddArgument("--headless");

            ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(Options);
            try
            {
                // driver.Manage().Window.Size = new Size(1920, 1080);
                driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://google.com/");
                var test = driver.FindElementByTagName("html").Text;
                Console.WriteLine(test);
            }
            finally
            {
                driver.Quit();
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

I used the following Libraries: