在 Docker 中启动并填充 Postgres 容器

我有一个包含 Postgres 数据库的 Docker 容器。这是用官方的Postgres 图像 https://registry.hub.docker.com/_/postgres/其中有一个 CMD 条目在主线程上启动服务器。

我想通过运行来填充数据库RUN psql –U postgres postgres < /dump/dump.sql在它开始监听查询之前。

我不明白 Docker 怎么可能做到这一点。如果我把RUNCMD 之后的命令，当然永远不会到达，因为 Docker 已经完成了 Dockerfile 的读取。但如果我把它放在CMD，它会在 psql 作为进程存在之前运行。

如何在 Docker 中预填充 Postgres 数据库？

经过多次斗争，我找到了解决方案;-)

对我来说，这里发布的评论非常有用：https://registry.hub.docker.com/_/postgres/ https://registry.hub.docker.com/_/postgres/来自“只是摇摇欲坠”

无论如何，我已经这样做了：

# Dockerfile
FROM postgres:9.4

RUN mkdir -p /tmp/psql_data/

COPY db/structure.sql /tmp/psql_data/
COPY scripts/init_docker_postgres.sh /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/

db/structure.sql是一个 sql 转储，可用于初始化第一个表空间。

然后，init_docker_postgres.sh

#!/bin/bash

# this script is run when the docker container is built
# it imports the base database structure and create the database for the tests

DATABASE_NAME="db_name"
DB_DUMP_LOCATION="/tmp/psql_data/structure.sql"

echo "*** CREATING DATABASE ***"

# create default database
gosu postgres postgres --single <<EOSQL
    CREATE DATABASE "$DATABASE_NAME";
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE "$DATABASE_NAME" TO postgres;
EOSQL

# clean sql_dump - because I want to have a one-line command

# remove indentation
sed "s/^[ \t]*//" -i "$DB_DUMP_LOCATION"

# remove comments
sed '/^--/ d' -i "$DB_DUMP_LOCATION"

# remove new lines
sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/ /g' -i "$DB_DUMP_LOCATION"

# remove other spaces
sed 's/  */ /g' -i "$DB_DUMP_LOCATION"

# remove firsts line spaces
sed 's/^ *//' -i "$DB_DUMP_LOCATION"

# append new line at the end (suggested by @Nicola Ferraro)
sed -e '$a\' -i "$DB_DUMP_LOCATION"

# import sql_dump
gosu postgres postgres --single "$DATABASE_NAME" < "$DB_DUMP_LOCATION";


echo "*** DATABASE CREATED! ***"

所以最后：

# no postgres is running
[myserver]# psql -h 127.0.0.1 -U postgres
psql: could not connect to server: Connection refused
    Is the server running on host "127.0.0.1" and accepting
    TCP/IP connections on port 5432?

[myserver]# docker build -t custom_psql .
[myserver]# docker run -d --name custom_psql_running -p 5432:5432 custom_psql

[myserver]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
ce4212697372        custom_psql:latest   "/docker-entrypoint.   9 minutes ago       Up 9 minutes        0.0.0.0:5432->5432/tcp   custom_psql_running

[myserver]# psql -h 127.0.0.1 -U postgres
psql (9.2.10, server 9.4.1)
WARNING: psql version 9.2, server version 9.4.
            Some psql features might not work.
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# 

# postgres is now initialized with the dump

希望能帮助到你！