try:
commands
try:
commands
try:
commands
try:
commands
except:
commands
return to final commands
except:
commands
return to final commands
except:
commands
return to final commands
except:
commands
final commands
我应该写哪条指令来代替return to final commands使任何except返回到外部 try 之后的顶级指令？这是一个可以接受的结构吗？
编辑：这是一个玩具示例（我知道我可以使用ifs，这只是一个例子；假设你必须使用它来编写它try/except).
# calculate arcsin(log(sqrt(x)-4))
x = choose one yourself
try
x1=sqrt(x)
return to final message
try
x1=log(x1-4)
return to final message
try
x2=arcsin(x1)
return to final message
except
message="Impossible to calculate arcsin: maybe an argument outside [-1,+1]?"
except
message="Impossible to calculate logarithm: maybe a not positive argument?"
except
message="impossible to calculate square root: maybe a negative argument?"
final message:
print message
至少，您应该能够通过重新引发异常以避免块的其余部分来将此结构减少到仅 2 个嵌套级别：
# calculate arcsin(log(sqrt(x)-4))
x = ?
message = None
try:
try:
x1 = sqrt(x)
except Exception:
message = "can't take sqrt"
raise
try:
x1 = log(x1-4)
except Exception:
message = "can't compute log"
raise
try:
x2 = arcsin(x1)
except Exception:
message = "Can't calculate arcsin"
raise
except Exception:
print message
实际上，这不是正确的方法，至少在这个例子中是这样。问题是您正在尝试使用返回错误代码等异常。您应该做的是将错误消息放入异常中。另外，通常外部 try/ except 将位于更高级别的函数中：
def func():
try:
y = calculate_asin_log_sqrt(x)
# stuff that depends on y goes here
except MyError as e:
print e.message
# Stuff that happens whether or not the calculation fails goes here
def calculate_asin_log_sqrt(x):
try:
x1 = sqrt(x)
except Exception:
raise MyError("Can't calculate sqrt")
try:
x1 = log(x1-4)
except Exception:
raise MyError("Can't calculate log")
try:
x2 = arcsin(x1)
except Exception:
raise MyError("Can't calculate arcsin")
return x2
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