这段代码有点棘手，所以您发现其中一些令人费解也就不足为奇了。要理解它，你需要理解closures https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_%28computer_programming%29。有一些关于 Python 中的闭包的信息这个答案 https://stackoverflow.com/a/20898085/4014959.
init_instance创建一个新实例instance = make_instance(cls)，然后它查找init的方法cls，如果存在，则称为init使用新实例和传入的任何内容的方法args。两者都不make_instance nor init_instance修改cls字典，或者attributes传递给的字典make_class when cls被创建。实际发生的是每次调用make_instance创建一个新的attributes它创建的实例的字典，其中get and set实例dict中的函数可以引用。
Your make_my_class定义没有多大意义。它有一个冗余pass声明，以及make_class({'__init__': __init__})不会工作，因为你还没有定义__init__在任何地方，它都需要是一个将初始化类实例的函数。
这是您的代码的修改版本。我创建了一个简单的__init__函数为my_class，并添加了几个print调用，这样我们就可以了解代码在做什么。
def hexid(obj):
return hex(id(obj))
def make_instance(cls): # good with this
""" Return a new object instance, which is a dispatch dictionary """
def get_value(name):
print('INSTANCE GET_VALUE', name, 'from', hexid(attributes))
if name in attributes:
return attributes[name]
else:
value = cls['get'](name)
return bind_method(value, instance)
def set_value(name, value):
attributes[name] = value
attributes = {'test': 'Default Test'}
print('Created instance attributes', hexid(attributes))
instance = {'get': get_value, 'set': set_value}
return instance
def bind_method(value, instance): # good with this
""" Return a bound method if value is callable, or value otherwise """
if callable(value):
def method(*args):
return value(instance, *args)
return method
else:
return value
def make_class(attributes, base_class=None):
""" Return a new class, which is a dispatch dictionary. """
def get_value(name):
print('\nCLASS GET_VALUE', name, 'from', hexid(attributes))
if name in attributes:
return attributes[name]
elif base_class is not None:
return base_class['get'](name)
def set_value(name, value):
attributes[name] = value
def new(*args):
return init_instance(cls, *args)
print('Creating class with attributes', hexid(attributes))
cls = {'get': get_value, 'set': set_value, 'new': new}
return cls
def init_instance(cls, *args): # problem here
""" Return a new object with type cls, initialized with args """
instance = make_instance(cls)
init = cls['get']('__init__')
if init:
print('Calling init of', hexid(cls), 'on', hexid(instance), 'with', args)
init(instance, *args) #No return here
return instance
def make_my_class(): # define a custom class
# Create a simple __init__ for the class
def __init__(inst, *args):
print('INIT', hexid(inst), args)
inst['set']('data', args)
# return a dict that implements class
return make_class({'__init__': __init__})
# test
#create a class
my_class = make_my_class()
#create some class instances
jim = my_class['new']('Jim')
jim['set']('test', 'Hello')
fred = my_class['new']('Fred')
print('CLASS', hexid(my_class))
print('\nINSTANCE', hexid(jim))
print(jim['get']('data'))
print(jim['get']('test'))
print('\nINSTANCE', hexid(fred))
print(fred['get']('data'))
print(fred['get']('test'))
output
Creating class with attributes 0xb71e67d4
Created instance attributes 0xb71373ec
CLASS GET_VALUE __init__ from 0xb71e67d4
Calling init of 0xb7137414 on 0xb71373c4 with ('Jim',)
INIT 0xb71373c4 ('Jim',)
Created instance attributes 0xb7137374
CLASS GET_VALUE __init__ from 0xb71e67d4
Calling init of 0xb7137414 on 0xb713734c with ('Fred',)
INIT 0xb713734c ('Fred',)
CLASS 0xb7137414
INSTANCE 0xb71373c4
INSTANCE GET_VALUE data from 0xb71373ec
('Jim',)
INSTANCE GET_VALUE test from 0xb71373ec
Hello
INSTANCE 0xb713734c
INSTANCE GET_VALUE data from 0xb7137374
('Fred',)
INSTANCE GET_VALUE test from 0xb7137374
Default Test
