Robolectric：运行多个测试失败

我正在尝试运行多个测试Robolectric 3.0 + Gradle using SQLite（开放助手）作为数据库。 运行每个单独的测试都可以正常工作，但启动整个测试套件总是会导致第二个测试中出现 RuntimeException。

这是我的测试假人，它不起作用。

@RunWith(RobolectricGradleTestRunner.class)
@Config(constants = BuildConfig.class, sdk = 21)
public class Dummy {


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
         // setup activity ...
    }

    @Test
    public void testA() throws Exception {
        Assert.assertTrue(true);
    }

    @Test
    public void testB() {
        Assert.assertTrue(true);
    }
}

例外

java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Illegal connection pointer 1. Current pointers for thread Thread[pool-4-thread-1,5,main] []
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections.execute(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:470)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection.nativeResetStatementAndClearBindings(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:286)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeResetStatementAndClearBindings(SQLiteConnection.java)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.releasePreparedStatement(SQLiteConnection.java:915)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.prepare(SQLiteConnection.java:519)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.prepare(SQLiteSession.java:588)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteProgram.__constructor__(SQLiteProgram.java:58)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteProgram.<init>(SQLiteProgram.java)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteStatement.<init>(SQLiteStatement.java)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertWithOnConflict(SQLiteDatabase.java:1469)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insert(SQLiteDatabase.java:1341)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.storage.db.datasource.AbstractDataSource.insert(AbstractDataSource.java:78)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.storage.db.datasource.QueueMessageDataSource.create(QueueMessageDataSource.java:100)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.net.Queue.addToHttpQueue(Queue.java:185)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.D360Events.sendEvent(D360Events.java:1636)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.D360Events.sendEvent(D360Events.java:1612)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.D360Events.sendEvent(D360Events.java:1651)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.D360Events.appInstanceUpdated(D360Events.java:359)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.crm.AppInstanceUpdater.sendUpdateEvent(AppInstanceUpdater.java:27)
    at de.android.hotel.HotelApplication.onCreate(HotelApplication.java:281)
    at org.robolectric.internal.ParallelUniverse.setUpApplicationState(ParallelUniverse.java:140)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.setUpApplicationState(RobolectricTestRunner.java:433)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:240)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:188)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:54)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:152)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:78)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Illegal connection pointer 1. Current pointers for thread Thread[pool-4-thread-1,5,main] []
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections.getConnection(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:333)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections.getStatement(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:340)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection.stmt(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:52)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection.access$000(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:33)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$16.call(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:289)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections$6.call(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:452)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections$6.call(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:446)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)

java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Illegal connection pointer 1. Current pointers for thread Thread[pool-4-thread-1,5,main] []
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:244)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:188)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:54)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:152)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:78)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Illegal connection pointer 1. Current pointers for thread Thread[pool-4-thread-1,5,main] []
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections.execute(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:470)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection.nativeResetStatementAndClearBindings(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:286)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeResetStatementAndClearBindings(SQLiteConnection.java)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.releasePreparedStatement(SQLiteConnection.java:915)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.prepare(SQLiteConnection.java:519)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.prepare(SQLiteSession.java:588)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteProgram.__constructor__(SQLiteProgram.java:58)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteProgram.<init>(SQLiteProgram.java)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteStatement.<init>(SQLiteStatement.java)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertWithOnConflict(SQLiteDatabase.java:1469)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insert(SQLiteDatabase.java:1341)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.storage.db.datasource.AbstractDataSource.insert(AbstractDataSource.java:78)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.storage.db.datasource.QueueMessageDataSource.create(QueueMessageDataSource.java:100)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.net.Queue.addToHttpQueue(Queue.java:185)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.D360Events.sendEvent(D360Events.java:1636)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.D360Events.sendEvent(D360Events.java:1612)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.D360Events.sendEvent(D360Events.java:1651)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.D360Events.appInstanceUpdated(D360Events.java:359)
    at de.d360.android.sdk.v2.crm.AppInstanceUpdater.sendUpdateEvent(AppInstanceUpdater.java:27)
    at de.android.hotel.HotelApplication.onCreate(HotelApplication.java:281)
    at org.robolectric.internal.ParallelUniverse.setUpApplicationState(ParallelUniverse.java:140)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.setUpApplicationState(RobolectricTestRunner.java:433)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:240)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:188)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:54)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:152)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68)
    ... 1 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Illegal connection pointer 1. Current pointers for thread Thread[pool-4-thread-1,5,main] []
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections.getConnection(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:333)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections.getStatement(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:340)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection.stmt(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:52)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection.access$000(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:33)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$16.call(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:289)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections$6.call(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:452)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteConnection$Connections$6.call(ShadowSQLiteConnection.java:446)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)

已经尝试了一些解决方案，例如使用以下代码重置单例，该代码以 FieldNotfoundException 或 NullPointerException 结尾，因此不起作用。

@After
public void finishComponentTesting() {
    // sInstance is the static variable name which holds the singleton instance
    resetSingleton(MySQLiteOpenHelper.class, "sInstance");
}

private void resetSingleton(Class clazz, String fieldName) {
    Field instance;
    try {
        instance = clazz.getDeclaredField(fieldName);
        instance.setAccessible(true);
        instance.set(null, null);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new RuntimeException();
    }
}

编辑：通过删除 D360Sdk 的 AppInstanceUpdater 的 sendUpdateEvent() 来修复它。

AppInstanceUpdater updater = D360Sdk.getCrmAppInstanceUpdater();
updater.setCustomId(Util.installId());
// updater.sendUpdateEvent();

这是一个老问题，但也许这个解决方案可以帮助某人，因为我面临类似的问题（完全相同的错误）。

问题是，在运行多个多次访问数据库的测试用例时，第一个测试用例打开与数据库的连接并且不会关闭它。当第二个测试用例尝试再次打开数据库连接时，它失败了。

我阅读了一些解决方案，最后发现问题出在多次打开数据库上。因此，要成功运行测试，请在您的TestCase.java文件（您编写测试用例的位置）：

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    //Get an instance of your implementation of SQLiteOpenHelper class.
    //Let's assume the class name is MySQLiteHelper which extends SQLiteOpenHelper and has a function called getInstance
    //which returns the instance of the SQLiteOpenHelper.
    //Store this instance in a global variable in your TestCase.java file.
    databaseHelper = MySQLiteHelper.getInstance();
}

@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    //use the instance created in setUp() function to close the database
    databaseHelper.close();
}

上述两个用“@Before”和“@After”注释的函数在每个测试用例之前和之后运行。因此，对于每个测试用例之后，我们应该关闭数据库连接。

This https://www.bountysource.com/issues/32208329-java-lang-runtimeexception-java-lang-illegalstateexception-illegal-connection-pointer-1-with-content-provider and this https://github.com/robolectric/robolectric/issues/2010链接有帮助。

如果解决方案有问题或者我对此错误的理解有误，请评论。