无法在 Windows 中安装 Nokogiri for Ruby

我知道这很简单，但我就是想不通。我需要在 Ruby 中运行一个脚本，它需要 Nokogiri。我确实有一些其他语言的经验，但没有 Ruby 的经验。

这是我的系统：

Ruby 2.0.0-p195 (x64) 已安装 @C:\Programs\RubyLanguage

Ruby 开发套件 (mingw64-64-4.7.2-20130224-1432) 已安装 @C:\Programs\RubyDevKit

当我跑步时gem install nokogiri我收到此错误：

    ERROR:  Error installing nokogiri:
        The 'nokogiri' native gem requires installed build tools.

Please update your PATH to include build tools or download the DevKit
from 'http://rubyinstaller.org/downloads' and follow the instructions
at 'http://github.com/oneclick/rubyinstaller/wiki/Development-Kit'

很容易。所以我跟着上面的链接 http://github.com/oneclick/rubyinstaller/wiki/Development-Kit并执行了步骤 3。但是步骤 4 说生成“config.yml”。所以我做了。现在该文件是一个带有一些注释的空列表。由于上述错误，我仍然无法安装 Nokogiri，而且我似乎对 DevKit 没有任何进展。我想说的是，开发套件安装的步骤对我来说还不够清楚。

Update现在显示 Nokogiri 安装失败（ DevKit 根据步骤 5 工作：安装 json-1.8.0 的文档 安装 1 个宝石）

mkmf.log: package configuration for libxslt is not found
package configuration for libxml-2.0 is not found
package configuration for libiconv is not found
find_header: checking for libxml/parser.h... -------------------- no

"x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -o conftest.exe -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/x64-mingw32 -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/backward -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0 -I. -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/libxml2 -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include -DFD_SETSIZE=2048 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0501 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64   -O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-fast-math -g -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wimplicit-function-declaration  -DXP_WIN -DXP_WIN32 -DUSE_INCLUDED_VASPRINTF -O3 -Wall -Wcast-qual -Wwrite-strings -Wconversion -Wmissing-noreturn -Winline conftest.c  -L. -LC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/lib -LC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/lib -L.      -lx64-msvcrt-ruby200  -lshell32 -lws2_32 -limagehlp -lshlwapi   "
In file included from C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/defines.h:153:0,
                 from C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/ruby.h:70,
                 from C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby.h:33,
                 from conftest.c:1:
C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/win32.h: In function 'rb_w32_pow':
C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/win32.h:776:16: warning: conversion to 'double' from 'long double' may alter its value [-Wconversion]
In file included from C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby.h:33:0,
                 from conftest.c:1:
C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/ruby.h: In function 'rb_float_value':
C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/ruby.h:777:6: warning: negative integer implicitly converted to unsigned type [-Wsign-conversion]
C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/ruby.h:777:6: warning: negative integer implicitly converted to unsigned type [-Wsign-conversion]
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2: 
3: #include <winsock2.h>
4: #include <windows.h>
5: int main(int argc, char **argv)
6: {
7:   return 0;
8: }
/* end */

"x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -E -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/x64-mingw32 -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/backward -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/ruby-2.0.0 -I. -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include/libxml2 -IC:/Programs/RubyLanguage/include -DFD_SETSIZE=2048 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0501 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64   -O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-fast-math -g -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wimplicit-function-declaration  -DXP_WIN -DXP_WIN32 -DUSE_INCLUDED_VASPRINTF -O3 -Wall -Wcast-qual -Wwrite-strings -Wconversion -Wmissing-noreturn -Winline  conftest.c -o conftest.i"
conftest.c:5:27: fatal error: libxml/parser.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2: 
3: #include <winsock2.h>
4: #include <windows.h>
5: #include <libxml/parser.h>
/* end */

CMD log

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

C:\Users\SEPEHR>gem install nokogiri
Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing nokogiri:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb
checking for libxml/parser.h... no
-----
libxml2 is missing.  please visit http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokog
iri.html for help with installing dependencies.
-----
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/bin/ruby
        --with-zlib-dir
        --without-zlib-dir
        --with-zlib-include
        --without-zlib-include=${zlib-dir}/include
        --with-zlib-lib
        --without-zlib-lib=${zlib-dir}/lib
        --with-iconv-dir
        --without-iconv-dir
        --with-iconv-include
        --without-iconv-include=${iconv-dir}/include
        --with-iconv-lib
        --without-iconv-lib=${iconv-dir}/lib
        --with-xml2-dir
        --without-xml2-dir
        --with-xml2-include
        --without-xml2-include=${xml2-dir}/include
        --with-xml2-lib
        --without-xml2-lib=${xml2-dir}/lib
        --with-xslt-dir
        --without-xslt-dir
        --with-xslt-include
        --without-xslt-include=${xslt-dir}/include
        --with-xslt-lib
        --without-xslt-lib=${xslt-dir}/lib
        --with-libxslt-config
        --without-libxslt-config
        --with-pkg-config
        --without-pkg-config
        --with-libxml-2.0-config
        --without-libxml-2.0-config
        --with-pkg-config
        --without-pkg-config
        --with-libiconv-config
        --without-libiconv-config
        --with-pkg-config
        --without-pkg-config


Gem files will remain installed in C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/
gems/nokogiri-1.6.0 for inspection.
Results logged to C:/Programs/RubyLanguage/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6
.0/ext/nokogiri/gem_make.out

更新：从版本 1.6.2 开始，Nokogiri 现在does支持64位版本的Ruby 2.0.0。 （请注意，它需要 libxml >= 2.6.21 ）

如果您由于某种原因仍然需要安装 x86 版本，或者如果您想了解如何使用 DevKit 安装和构建 gem，那么答案如下：

Nokogiri does not yet support the 64-bit version of Ruby 2.0.0. You can read about it and follow the status here https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/864.

但野科切does支持x86红宝石2.0.0版本。您应该能够在 2.0.0 x86 安装中安装 gem。

手动安装非常容易。与 RailsInstaller 相比，我更喜欢它，因为我需要保持其他东西的原样。就是这样：

1. 下载并解压您需要的版本的文件。务必下载正确版本的 DevKit http://rubyinstaller.org/downloads/对于 2.0.0 的 x86 版本。

2. 修复您的路径：确保您的路径包含正确的 ruby​​、gem 和 DevKit 目录： 假设您将 x86 版本的 ruby​​ 2.0.0 安装到C:\rubies\ruby-2-0-0-x86以及相关的 DevKit 到C:\rubies\DevKit-xxxx-x86您需要将这些目录包含在您的路径中：

   C:\rubies\ruby-2-0-0-x86\bin C:\rubies\ruby-2-0-0-x86\lib\ruby\gems\2.0.0 C:\rubies\DevKit-xxxx-x86\bin

3. 将 DevKit 注入正确的 ruby​​ 安装中：安装 ruby​​ 后，您可以在键入时获得正确的信息ruby -v，然后运行ruby dk.rb init-- 这将设置 DevKit 并将其“注入”到正确的 ruby​​ 版本中。 （注意：我总是必须编辑config.yml生成的文件并将其放入我想要的 ruby​​ 安装的正确路径中。如果您需要这样做，请不要担心。）