从 ArrayRef[HashRef] 强制 ArrayRef[MyClass]

在试图回答的过程中如何从大哈希实例化 Moose 类 https://stackoverflow.com/q/12483775/468327，我想我又遇到了一个我不完全理解 Moose 类型强制的地方。由于某种原因，以下代码发出警告：

You cannot coerce an attribute (departments) unless its type (ArrayRef[Company::Department]) has a coercion at ./test.pl line 12.
You cannot coerce an attribute (employees) unless its type (ArrayRef[Company::Person]) has a coercion at ./test.pl line 23.

但随后成功了。

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use warnings;
use strict;

package Company;
use Moose;
use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;

has 'id'   => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Num');
has 'name' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Str');
has 'departments' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'ArrayRef[Company::Department]', coerce => 1);

coerce 'ArrayRef[Company::Department]',
  from 'ArrayRef[HashRef]',
  via { [ map { Company::Department->new($_) } @$_ ] };

package Company::Department;
use Moose;

has 'id'   => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Num');
has 'name' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Str');
has 'employees' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'ArrayRef[Company::Person]', coerce => 1);

package Company::Person;
use Moose;
use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;

has 'id'         => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Num');
has 'name'  => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Str');
has 'age'        => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Num');

coerce 'ArrayRef[Company::Person]',
  from 'ArrayRef[HashRef]',
  via { [ map { Company::Person->new($_) } @$_ ] };

package main;

my %hash = (
    company => {
        id => 1,
        name => 'CorpInc',
        departments => [
            {
                id => 1,
                name => 'Sales',
                employees => [
                    {
                        id => 1,
                        name => 'John Smith',
                        age => '30',
                    },
                ],
            },
            {
                id => 2,
                name => 'IT',
                employees => [
                    {
                        id => 2,
                        name => 'Lucy Jones',
                        age => '28',
                    },
                    {
                        id => 3,
                        name => 'Miguel Cerveza',
                        age => '25',
                    },
                ],
            },
        ],
    }
);

my $company = Company->new($hash{company});
use Data::Dumper;
print Dumper $company;

这应该如何完成？附：我尝试简单地做

coerce 'Company::Department',
  from 'HashRef',
  via { Company::Department->new($_) };

但它死得很惨。

好吧，它并没有完全成功，当您尝试使用以下命令更新这些字段时，您应该能感觉到coerce => 1。那是why http://search.cpan.org/~drolsky/Moose-1.10/lib/Moose/Manual/Delta.pod:

除非属性的类型约束具有，否则不能传递 coerce => 1 胁迫

以前，这个被接受了，而且有点效果， 除非您尝试在对象被设置后设置该属性 创建后，您将收到运行时错误。 现在，当您尝试定义该属性时，您将收到错误消息。

尽管如此，我认为我找到了解决这个问题的方法，首先引入子类型，然后更改包的顺序：

package Company::Person;
use Moose;
use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;

subtype 'ArrayRefCompanyPersons',
  as 'ArrayRef[Company::Person]';

coerce 'ArrayRefCompanyPersons',
  from 'ArrayRef[HashRef]',
  via { [ map { Company::Person->new($_) } @$_ ] };

has 'id'         => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Num');
has 'name'  => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Str');
has 'age'        => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Num');

package Company::Department;
use Moose;

has 'id'   => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Num');
has 'name' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Str');
has 'employees' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'ArrayRefCompanyPersons', coerce => 1);

package Company;
use Moose;
use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;

subtype 'ArrayRefCompanyDepartments',
  as 'ArrayRef[Company::Department]';

coerce 'ArrayRefCompanyDepartments',
  from 'ArrayRef[HashRef]',
  via { [ map { Company::Department->new($_) } @$_ ] };

has 'id'   => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Num');
has 'name' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Str');
has 'departments' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'ArrayRefCompanyDepartments', coerce => 1);

其余代码与您的版本中的相同。这可以在没有任何警告的情况下工作，并且more-o-less的行为就像（我再次认为）它应该的那样。