STM32开发记录三：硬件IIC调试（STHC3温湿度传感器）

2023-05-16

一、STM32_CubeMX配置

/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}
/* I2C4 init function */
void MX_I2C4_Init(void)
{

  hi2c4.Instance = I2C4;
  hi2c4.Init.Timing = 0x20A0C4DF;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
  hi2c4.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_ENABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
  hi2c4.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
  hi2c4.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
  hi2c4.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Analogue filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c4, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Digital filter
  */
  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c4, 0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}




void HAL_I2C_MspInit(I2C_HandleTypeDef* i2cHandle)
{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  if(i2cHandle->Instance==I2C3)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN I2C3_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END I2C3_MspInit 0 */

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**I2C3 GPIO Configuration
    PC8     ------> I2C3_SCL
    PC9     ------> I2C3_SDA
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_8|GPIO_PIN_9;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_OD;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF8_I2C3;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    /* I2C3 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_I2C3_CLK_ENABLE();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN I2C3_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END I2C3_MspInit 1 */
  }
  else if(i2cHandle->Instance==I2C4)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN I2C4_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END I2C4_MspInit 0 */

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**I2C4 GPIO Configuration
    PC6     ------> I2C4_SCL
    PC7     ------> I2C4_SDA
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_6|GPIO_PIN_7;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_OD;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF8_I2C4;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    /* I2C4 clock enable */
	 __HAL_RCC_I2C4_CLK_ENABLE();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN I2C4_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END I2C4_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

二、测试源码

#define SHTC3_ADDR					(0x70)
#define SHTC3_CMD_DEV_WRITE 		(0xE0)		//(SHTC3_ADDR<<1)
#define SHTC3_CMD_DEV_READ			(0xE1)		//((SHTC3_ADDR<<1)|0x01)
#define SHTC3_CMD_SOFT_RESET		0x805D		//软件复位命令
#define SHTC3_CMD_READ_ID			0xEFC8		//读取SHTC3 ID命令
#define SHTC3_CMD_WAKEUP			0x3517
#define SHTC3_CMD_READ_HUM_DATA 	0x5c24
#define SHTC3_CMD_READ_TEMP_DATA	0x7866
#define SHTC3_CMD_READ_SLEEP		0xB098
typedef struct
{
	uint8_t HumidityMSB;
	uint8_t HumidityLSB;
	uint8_t HumidityCRC;

	uint8_t temperatureMSB;
	uint8_t temperatureLSB;
	uint8_t temperatureCRC;
}Sthc3MeasureData;

uint8_t Sthc3WriteByte(uint16_t Cmd)
{
	uint8_t WriteCmd[2];
	WriteCmd[0] = (uint8_t)(Cmd>>8);
	WriteCmd[1] = (uint8_t)(Cmd);

	if(HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c4, (uint16_t)SHTC3_CMD_DEV_WRITE , (uint8_t*)&WriteCmd, sizeof(WriteCmd), 1000) != HAL_OK)
	{
		Error_Handler();
		printf("err (L=%d)\n", __LINE__);
	}

	while (HAL_I2C_GetState(&hi2c4) != HAL_I2C_STATE_READY);
	return 0;
}

uint16_t Sthc3ReadWord(uint16_t Cmd)
{
	uint8_t WriteCmd[2];
	uint16_t ReadData;
	
	WriteCmd[0] = (uint8_t)(Cmd>>8);
	WriteCmd[1] = (uint8_t)(Cmd);
	
	
	if(HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c4, (uint16_t)SHTC3_CMD_DEV_WRITE , (uint8_t*)WriteCmd,  sizeof(WriteCmd), 1000) != HAL_OK) 
	{
		Error_Handler();
	}

	while (HAL_I2C_GetState(&hi2c4) != HAL_I2C_STATE_READY);

	if(HAL_I2C_Master_Receive(&hi2c4, SHTC3_CMD_DEV_READ , (uint8_t*)&ReadData, 2, 1000) != HAL_OK) //接收word数据
	{
		Error_Handler();
	}
	return ReadData;
}


void Sthc3ReadHumiAndTemp(void)
{
	uint8_t WriteCmd[2];
	float hum,temp;
	Sthc3MeasureData Sthc3Data = {0};
	uint8_t HumValue, TempValue;

	
	WriteCmd[0] = (uint8_t)(SHTC3_CMD_READ_HUM_DATA>>8);
	WriteCmd[1] = (uint8_t)(SHTC3_CMD_READ_HUM_DATA);

	if(HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c4, SHTC3_CMD_DEV_WRITE , (uint8_t*)WriteCmd,  sizeof(WriteCmd), 1000) != HAL_OK) 
	{
		Error_Handler();
	}

	
	HAL_I2C_Master_Receive(&hi2c4, SHTC3_CMD_DEV_READ, (uint8_t *)&Sthc3Data, sizeof(Sthc3Data), 1000);

	hum = (Sthc3Data.HumidityMSB << 8)|(Sthc3Data.HumidityLSB);
	temp = (Sthc3Data.temperatureMSB << 8 )|Sthc3Data.temperatureLSB;
	HumValue = (uint8_t)(100*((float)hum/65535));				//湿度
	TempValue = (uint8_t)((175*((float)temp/65535)) - 45);		//温度

	printf("\nH:%d, T=%d\n", HumValue, TempValue);
}

void Sthc3SensorI2cReadTask(void *argument)
{
	uint16_t DevID = 0;
	uint16_t ReadData = 0;

	Sthc3WriteByte(SHTC3_CMD_WAKEUP);
	HAL_Delay(1000);


	ReadData = Sthc3ReadWord(SHTC3_CMD_READ_ID);
	DevID = (ReadData<<8)|ReadData>>8;

	printf("\n(0x%04x)ID=0x%04x\n", DevID, DevID&0x083F);
	for(;;)
	{
		Sthc3ReadHumiAndTemp();
		vTaskDelay(1000/portTICK_RATE_MS);	
	}
}

逻辑分析仪抓取波形：

结论：

1、接上从机传感器之后，CLK, SDA电平被拉低。查看发现调试板子上拉硬件为10K，于是改为4.7K，拉低问题同样存在。重新换了从机电平信号正常，但数据结尾是NAK。

2、再查看PCB图，发现硬件CLK，SDA两个pin脚顺序错误，交换后读取设备ID正常。

3、源码参考如下：

xiaoshubaoVIP/STM32G473_Code: STM32G473测试code (github.com)

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