我是 Django Rest Framework 的新手，我收到一个完整性错误，我正在尝试解决该错误
Intro:我有 2 个型号Patient and Embryo。 Patient 是 Django 默认用户的外键。只有 1 位用户是超级用户。所有患者都属于超级用户。每个患者可以有许多胚胎。我正在使用 Django Rest Framework 为两个模型创建视图ModelViewset
IntegrityError：列“user_id”中的空值违反了非空约束
下面是我收到的错误消息的屏幕截图
以下是我的模型
class Patient(models.Model):
"""Patients model which has all the patients information"""
user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=25)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=35)
phone = models.CharField(max_length=18)
email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
@property
def full_name(self):
return "%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
def __str__(self):
return self.email
class Embryo(models.Model):
"""A ForeignKey model to the patient"""
patient = models.ForeignKey(Patient, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
code_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
karyotype = models.CharField(max_length=100)
down_syndrome = models.BooleanField(default=False)
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
GENDER_CHOICES = (
("M", "Male"),
("F", "Female"),
)
sex = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=GENDER_CHOICES)
def __str__(self):
return self.code_name
我正在使用ModelViewSet为我的模型创建实例以下是我的看法。
class PatientsApiView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""Handles Creating, reading and updating Patients"""
serializer_class = serializers.PatientsSerializer
queryset = Patient.objects.all()
authentication_classes = (TokenAuthentication,)
filter_backends = (filters.SearchFilter,)
permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,)
search_fields = ("first_name", "last_name", "phone", "email",)
def perform_create(self, serializer):
serializer.save(user=self.request.user)
class EmbroApiView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""Handles Creating, reading and updating Patients"""
serializer_class = serializers.EmbryoSerializer
queryset = Embryo.objects.all()
authentication_classes = (TokenAuthentication,)
filter_backends = (filters.SearchFilter,)
permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,)
search_fields = ("code_name", "karyotype", "sex", "down_syndrome",)
def perform_create(self, serializer):
serializer.save(patient__id=self.kwargs['pk'])
下面是我的serializers.py
class PatientsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""A serializer for the patients model."""
class Meta:
model = Patient
fields = ("id", "first_name", "last_name", "phone", "email")
def create(self, validated_data):
"""Create and return a new patient"""
patient = Patient(
first_name=validated_data["first_name"],
last_name=validated_data["last_name"],
phone=validated_data["phone"],
email=validated_data["email"]
)
patient.save()
return patient
class EmbryoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Embryo
fields = ("id", "patient", "code_name", "karyotype", "down_syndrome", "sex")
def create(self, validated_data):
"""Create and return a new embryo"""
embryo = Embryo(
code_name=validated_data["code_name"],
karyotype=validated_data["karyotype"],
down_syndrome=validated_data["down_syndrome"],
sex=validated_data["sex"]
)
embryo.save()
return embryo
我究竟做错了什么？
以下是 @Håken Lid 要求的回溯
Environment:
Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/patient/
Django Version: 2.1.2
Python Version: 3.6.6
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'rest_framework',
'rest_framework.authtoken',
'patients']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']
Traceback:
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py" in _execute
85. return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
The above exception (null value in column "user_id" violates not-null constraint
DETAIL: Failing row contains (4, Samir, Tendulkar, 2012795973, 2018-11-04 13:17:02.923723+00, 2018-11-04 13:17:02.923802+00, [email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection, null).
) was the direct cause of the following exception:
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
34. response = get_response(request)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
126. response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
124. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py" in wrapped_view
54. return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/viewsets.py" in view
116. return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in dispatch
495. response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in handle_exception
455. self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in dispatch
492. response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/mixins.py" in create
21. self.perform_create(serializer)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/genomic_prediction/src/genomic_project/patients/views.py" in perform_create
51. serializer.save(user=self.request.user)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in save
214. self.instance = self.create(validated_data)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/genomic_prediction/src/genomic_project/patients/serializers.py" in create
21. patient.save()
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py" in save
718. force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py" in save_base
748. updated = self._save_table(raw, cls, force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py" in _save_table
831. result = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, update_pk, raw)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py" in _do_insert
869. using=using, raw=raw)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py" in manager_method
82. return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in _insert
1136. return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py" in execute_sql
1289. cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py" in execute
100. return super().execute(sql, params)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py" in execute
68. return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py" in _execute_with_wrappers
77. return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py" in _execute
85. return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py" in __exit__
89. raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "/home/samir/PycharmProjects/GenomeVenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py" in _execute
85. return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
Exception Type: IntegrityError at /patient/
Exception Value: null value in column "user_id" violates not-null constraint
DETAIL: Failing row contains (4, Samir, Tendulkar, 2012795973, 2018-11-04 13:17:02.923723+00, 2018-11-04 13:17:02.923802+00, [email protected] /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection, null).
我将用户添加到序列化器中，请参见下图并删除了下面的代码，但错误仍然相同
def perform_create(self, serializer):
serializer.save(user=self.request.user)
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