matplotlib 获取给定图形包含的所有轴以应用某些设置

我正在编写一个函数来修改图形上的轴大小和位置，但是当出现双轴时，就会出现问题：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def fig_layout(fig, vspace = 0.3):  #  function to make space at the bottom for legend box and
                                    #+ other text input
    for ax in ~~~fig.axes~~~: #  Here 'fig.axes' is not right, I need to find the exact syntax
                              #+ I need to put
        box = ax.get_position()
        ax.set_position([box.x0, box.y0 + box.height * vspace,
        box.width, box.height * (1 - vspace)])

x = np.arange(10)
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
n = 3
line = {}
for i in range(3):
    line['lines'].append(ax1.plot(x, i*x**2))
    line['labels'].append(r'$y = %i \cdot x^2$'%i)
ax1.set_title('example plot')

ax2 = ax1.twinx()
line['lines'].append(ax2.plot(x, x^-1, label = r'$y = x^-1$'))
line['labels'].append(r'$y = x^-1$')
leg = ax1.legend(line['lines'], line['labels'])
fig_layout(fig)
#  I will put the legend box at the bottom of the axes with another function.
plt.show()

我想你可以使用fig.get_axes() https://matplotlib.org/api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.get_axes.

例如，要修改第一个子图的标题，您可以执行以下操作：

plt.gcf().get_axes()[0].set_title("example plot")