在测试中的 Spring 环境中使用 @EnabledIf 和 spring.profiles.active 属性

根据文档（https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/test/context/junit/jupiter/EnabledIf.html#expression-- https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/test/context/junit/jupiter/EnabledIf.html#expression--）你可以使用@EnabledIf注解 在测试类或测试方法上，如下所示：

@EnabledIf("${smoke.tests.enabled}")

or

@EnabledIf("#{systemProperties['os.name'].toLowerCase().contains('mac')}")

其中字符串是 Spring 环境中可用属性的占位符。

假设我有以下内容application.yml file:

smoke:
  tests:
    enabled: true
spring:
  profiles:
    active: test

以及以下测试类：

@EnabledIf(value = "#{${spring.profiles.active} == 'test'}", loadContext = true)
@SpringBootTest
public class SomeClassForTests {

    @Autowired SomeType autowiredType;

    @Test
    public void someTest() {
        // test logic...
    }

当我运行测试时，出现以下错误：

Test ignored.

org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ConditionEvaluationException: Failed to evaluate condition [org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.EnabledIfCondition]: Expression parsing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.expression.spel.SpelEvaluationException: EL1008E: Property or field 'test' cannot be found on object of type 'org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanExpressionContext' - maybe not public or not valid?

    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ConditionEvaluator.evaluationException(ConditionEvaluator.java:91)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ConditionEvaluator.evaluate(ConditionEvaluator.java:80)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ConditionEvaluator.lambda$evaluate$2(ConditionEvaluator.java:66)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.tryAdvance(StreamSpliterators.java:302)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.tryAdvance(Streams.java:723)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:127)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:502)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:488)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:150)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:543)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ConditionEvaluator.evaluate(ConditionEvaluator.java:68)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.JupiterTestDescriptor.shouldBeSkipped(JupiterTestDescriptor.java:182)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.JupiterTestDescriptor.shouldBeSkipped(JupiterTestDescriptor.java:54)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$checkWhetherSkipped$1(NodeTestTask.java:91)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:72)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.checkWhetherSkipped(NodeTestTask.java:91)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:71)
    at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$4(NodeTestTask.java:112)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:72)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:98)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:74)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:220)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:188)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:202)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:181)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:128)
    at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:74)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanExpressionException: Expression parsing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.expression.spel.SpelEvaluationException: EL1008E: Property or field 'test' cannot be found on object of type 'org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanExpressionContext' - maybe not public or not valid?
    at org.springframework.context.expression.StandardBeanExpressionResolver.evaluate(StandardBeanExpressionResolver.java:164)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.AbstractExpressionEvaluatingCondition.evaluateExpression(AbstractExpressionEvaluatingCondition.java:164)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.AbstractExpressionEvaluatingCondition.evaluateAnnotation(AbstractExpressionEvaluatingCondition.java:107)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.EnabledIfCondition.evaluateExecutionCondition(EnabledIfCondition.java:46)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ConditionEvaluator.evaluate(ConditionEvaluator.java:75)
    ... 37 more
Caused by: org.springframework.expression.spel.SpelEvaluationException: EL1008E: Property or field 'test' cannot be found on object of type 'org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanExpressionContext' - maybe not public or not valid?
    at org.springframework.expression.spel.ast.PropertyOrFieldReference.readProperty(PropertyOrFieldReference.java:217)
    at org.springframework.expression.spel.ast.PropertyOrFieldReference.getValueInternal(PropertyOrFieldReference.java:104)
    at org.springframework.expression.spel.ast.PropertyOrFieldReference.getValueInternal(PropertyOrFieldReference.java:91)
    at org.springframework.expression.spel.ast.OpEQ.getValueInternal(OpEQ.java:42)
    at org.springframework.expression.spel.ast.OpEQ.getValueInternal(OpEQ.java:32)
    at org.springframework.expression.spel.ast.SpelNodeImpl.getValue(SpelNodeImpl.java:109)
    at org.springframework.expression.spel.standard.SpelExpression.getValue(SpelExpression.java:265)
    at org.springframework.context.expression.StandardBeanExpressionResolver.evaluate(StandardBeanExpressionResolver.java:161)
    ... 41 more

我对Spring表达语言不太熟悉。 我究竟做错了什么？

更新1：

使用以下两个版本的注释：

@EnabledIf(value = "${spring.profiles.active == 'test'}", loadContext = true)

or

@EnabledIf(value = "#{spring.profiles.active == 'test'}", loadContext = true)

结果出现以下错误： org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ConditionEvaluationException: Failed to evaluate condition [org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.EnabledIfCondition]: @EnabledIf("${spring.profiles.active == 'test'}") on class SomeClassForTests must evaluate to "true" or "false", not "${spring.profiles.active == 'test'}"

更新2：

下列：

@EnabledIf(value = "${spring.profiles.active} == 'test'", loadContext = true)

结果出现以下错误：

org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ConditionEvaluationException: Failed to evaluate condition [org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.EnabledIfCondition]: @EnabledIf("${spring.profiles.active} == 'test'") on class SomeClassForTests must evaluate to "true" or "false", not "test == 'test'"

更新3：答案为：

@EnabledIf(expression = "#{environment['spring.profiles.active'] == 'test'}", loadContext = true)

当您只有一个活动配置文件时有效。当你有很多时，你会怎么做，如下所示：

smoke:
  tests:
    enabled: true
spring:
  profiles:
    active: 
    - test
    - someotherprofile

从 Spring 检查属性的确切值Environment，您应该使用以下方法。

@EnabledIf(expression = "#{environment['spring.profiles.active'] == 'test'}", loadContext = true)

检查哪些配置文件当前在 Spring 中处于活动状态Environment，您应该使用以下方法。

@EnabledIf(expression = "#{environment.acceptsProfiles('test', 'someotherprofile')}", loadContext = true)