深坑之Webview,解决H5调用android相机拍照和录像

最近在开发过程中遇到一个问题,主要是调用第三方的实名认证,需要拍照和录像;

办过支付宝大宝卡和腾讯的大王卡的都知道这玩意,办卡的时候就需要进行实名认证,人脸识别;

本来第三方平台(xxx流量公司)说的是直接用WebView加载这个H5界面就完事了,我心想这么简单,那不是分分钟的事,放着后面做(公司就我一个安卓,所以开发都是我说的算^_,独立开发有的时候还是挺爽);

结果到项目快要上线的时候,只想说一句mmp,根本调不了相机,这个时候怎么搞,只有自己去实现了,才发现自己已经进了webview的深坑;

到处找资料,发现webview根本不能让h5自己调用,ios是可以的,项目经理就说是我的锅,真特么又一句mmp(关键是这个H5还特么不能改,不能提供给我调用的方法);

进入正题,首先来了解webview,这里我分享两篇大佬的博客
1,WebView开车指南
2,WebView详解
看完这两篇基本你已经可以随意操作webview了, 但是,当你调用相机的时候你才发现这只是入坑的开始

第一个坑

调用相机之后,文件回调不了,其实根本就是没有回调.这个时候你要去检查你的webview的Settings了关键代码,是否给足了权限;

 	  WebSettings settings = webView.getSettings();
        settings.setUseWideViewPort(true);
        settings.setLoadWithOverviewMode(true);
        settings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);
        settings.setDefaultTextEncodingName("UTF-8");
        settings.setAllowContentAccess(true); // 是否可访问Content Provider的资源，默认值 true
        settings.setAllowFileAccess(true);    // 是否可访问本地文件，默认值 true
        // 是否允许通过file url加载的Javascript读取本地文件，默认值 false
        settings.setAllowFileAccessFromFileURLs(false);
        // 是否允许通过file url加载的Javascript读取全部资源(包括文件,http,https)，默认值 false
        settings.setAllowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs(false);
        //开启JavaScript支持
        settings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        // 支持缩放
        settings.setSupportZoom(true);

其中settings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);这个方法当时我没加,血崩了一次;

第二个坑

WebChromeClient的openFileChooser()只调用了一次

首先了解为什么这个方法只调用了一次,看这篇博客就可
Android开发深入理解WebChromeClient之onShowFileChooser或openFileChooser使用说明
看了他基本你就了解怎么回事了,

简单来说就是每次调用onShowFileChooser或openFileChooser都要设置一个回调;不管你是不是选择了照片,如果没有就回传一个null

第三个坑
怎么区分是要调用相机是需要拍照还是录视频
1,这个时候你就要看WebViewClient的 shouldOverrideUrlLoading()方法了,我是通过拦截url来判断url里面是拍照还是录制视频来加一个flag,然后这样你调用你的相机的时候就可以分别处理了
2,另外如果实在拿不到这个flag,可以通过html的input标签来accept类型判断

在哪里拿呢

 //  5.0+ acceptType
   public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView,
    ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallback, FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {
            String[] acceptTypes = fileChooserParams.getAcceptTypes();
}

  // For Android 3.0+acceptType
    public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType) {
    }

这样就可以拿到是accept进行调用了

第四个坑
android 7.0的FileProvider的坑
看洪阳大佬的这篇博客基本就了解了
Android 7.0 行为变更 通过FileProvider在应用间共享文件吧

最后附上我自己的代码吧

package com.sihaiwanlian.cmccnev.feature.verify.activitys;

import android.annotation.TargetApi;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ClipData;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.annotation.RequiresApi;
import android.support.v4.content.FileProvider;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.webkit.ValueCallback;
import android.webkit.WebChromeClient;
import android.webkit.WebSettings;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.webkit.WebViewClient;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.orhanobut.logger.Logger;
import com.sihaiwanlian.cmccnev.R;
import com.sihaiwanlian.cmccnev.utils.PhotoUtils;

import java.io.File;

import butterknife.BindView;
import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import butterknife.OnClick;

public class Certifica extends AppCompatActivity {
    private final static String TAG = "villa";
    @BindView(R.id.titleBar_iv_back)
    ImageView mTitleBarIvBack;
    @BindView(R.id.titleBar_btn_back)
    Button mTitleBarBtnBack;
    @BindView(R.id.titleBar_centerTV)
    TextView mTitleBarCenterTV;
    private WebView webView;
    private ValueCallback<Uri> mUploadMessage;
    private ValueCallback<Uri[]> mUploadCallbackAboveL;
    private final static int PHOTO_REQUEST = 100;
    private final static int VIDEO_REQUEST = 120;
    private final static String url = "your_url";
    private boolean videoFlag = false;
   
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_certifica);
        ButterKnife.bind(this);
        initToolBar();
        initWebView();
    }
  
    private void initToolBar() {
        mTitleBarCenterTV.setText("实名认证");
    }

    //初始化webView
    private void initWebView() {
        //从布局文件中扩展webView  
        webView = (WebView) this.findViewById(R.id.certifi_webview);
        initWebViewSetting();
    }

    //初始化webViewSetting
    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
    private void initWebViewSetting() {
        WebSettings settings = webView.getSettings();
        settings.setUseWideViewPort(true);
        settings.setLoadWithOverviewMode(true);
        settings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);
        settings.setDefaultTextEncodingName("UTF-8");
        settings.setAllowContentAccess(true); // 是否可访问Content Provider的资源，默认值 true
        settings.setAllowFileAccess(true);    // 是否可访问本地文件，默认值 true
        // 是否允许通过file url加载的Javascript读取本地文件，默认值 false
        settings.setAllowFileAccessFromFileURLs(false);
        // 是否允许通过file url加载的Javascript读取全部资源(包括文件,http,https)，默认值 false
        settings.setAllowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs(false);
        //开启JavaScript支持
        settings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        // 支持缩放
        settings.setSupportZoom(true);
        //辅助WebView设置处理关于页面跳转，页面请求等操作
        webView.setWebViewClient(new MyWebViewClient());
        //辅助WebView处理图片上传操作
        webView.setWebChromeClient(new MyChromeWebClient());
        //加载地址
        webView.loadUrl(url);
    }

    @OnClick(R.id.titleBar_btn_back)
    public void onViewClicked() {
        if (webView.canGoBack()) {
            webView.goBack();// 返回前一个页面
        } else {
            finish();
        }
    }

    //自定义 WebViewClient 辅助WebView设置处理关于页面跳转，页面请求等操作【处理tel协议和视频通讯请求url的拦截转发】
    private class MyWebViewClient extends WebViewClient {
        @Override
        public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
            Logger.e(url);
            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
                videoFlag = url.contains("vedio");
            }
            if (url.trim().startsWith("tel")) {//特殊情况tel，调用系统的拨号软件拨号【<a href="tel:1111111111">1111111111</a>】
                Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
                i.setData(Uri.parse(url));
                startActivity(i);
            } else {
                String port = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(":") + 1, url.lastIndexOf("/"));//尝试要拦截的视频通讯url格式(808端口)：【http://xxxx:808/?roomName】
                if (port.equals("808")) {//特殊情况【若打开的链接是视频通讯地址格式则调用系统浏览器打开】
                    Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
                    i.setData(Uri.parse(url));
                    startActivity(i);
                } else {//其它非特殊情况全部放行
                    view.loadUrl(url);
                }
            }
            return true;
        }
    }

   
    private Uri imageUri;

    //自定义 WebChromeClient 辅助WebView处理图片上传操作【<input type=file> 文件上传标签】
    public class MyChromeWebClient extends WebChromeClient {
        // For Android 3.0-  
        public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {
            Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg)");
            mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
            if (videoFlag) {
                recordVideo();
            } else {
                takePhoto();
            }

        }

        // For Android 3.0+  
        public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType) {
            Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose( ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType )");
            mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
            if (videoFlag) {
                recordVideo();
            } else {
                takePhoto();
            }
        }

        //For Android 4.1  
        public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture) {
            Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture)");
            mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
            if (videoFlag) {
                recordVideo();
            } else {
                takePhoto();
            }
        }

        // For Android 5.0+  
        public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallback, FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onShowFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture)");
            mUploadCallbackAboveL = filePathCallback;
            if (videoFlag) {
                recordVideo();
            } else {
                takePhoto();
            }
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 拍照
     */
    private void takePhoto() {
	 File fileUri = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/" + SystemClock.currentThreadTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
        imageUri = Uri.fromFile(fileUri);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
            imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(Certifica.this, getPackageName() + ".fileprovider", fileUri);//通过FileProvider创建一个content类型的Uri
        }
        PhotoUtils.takePicture(Certifica.this, imageUri, PHOTO_REQUEST);
    }

    /**
     * 录像
     */
    private void recordVideo() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE);
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_VIDEO_QUALITY, 1);
        //限制时长
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_DURATION_LIMIT, 10);
        //开启摄像机
        startActivityForResult(intent, VIDEO_REQUEST);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        //如果按下的是回退键且历史记录里确实还有页面
        if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && webView.canGoBack()) {
            webView.goBack();
            return true;
        }
        return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
    }


    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == PHOTO_REQUEST) {
            if (null == mUploadMessage && null == mUploadCallbackAboveL) return;
            Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();
            if (mUploadCallbackAboveL != null) {
                onActivityResultAboveL(requestCode, resultCode, data);
            } else if (mUploadMessage != null) {
                mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);
                mUploadMessage = null;
            }
        } else if (requestCode == VIDEO_REQUEST) {
            if (null == mUploadMessage && null == mUploadCallbackAboveL) return;

            Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();
            if (mUploadCallbackAboveL != null) {
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{result});
                    mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
                } else {
                    mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{});
                    mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
                }

            } else if (mUploadMessage != null) {
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);
                    mUploadMessage = null;
                } else {
                    mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(Uri.EMPTY);
                    mUploadMessage = null;
                }

            }
        }
    }

    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
    private void onActivityResultAboveL(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if (requestCode != PHOTO_REQUEST || mUploadCallbackAboveL == null) {
            return;
        }
        Uri[] results = null;
        if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            if (data == null) {
                results = new Uri[]{imageUri};
            } else {
                String dataString = data.getDataString();
                ClipData clipData = data.getClipData();
                if (clipData != null) {
                    results = new Uri[clipData.getItemCount()];
                    for (int i = 0; i < clipData.getItemCount(); i++) {
                        ClipData.Item item = clipData.getItemAt(i);
                        results[i] = item.getUri();
                    }
                }

                if (dataString != null)
                    results = new Uri[]{Uri.parse(dataString)};
            }
        }
        mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(results);
        mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if (webView != null) {
            webView.setWebViewClient(null);
            webView.setWebChromeClient(null);
            webView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, "", "text/html", "utf-8", null);
            webView.clearHistory();
//            ((ViewGroup) webView.getParent()).removeView(webView);
            webView.destroy();
            webView = null;
        }
    }
}  

这里面有个photoUtils,已经封装好了各种调用,简单好用

public class PhotoUtils {
    private static final String TAG = "PhotoUtils";

    /**
     * @param activity    当前activity
     * @param imageUri    拍照后照片存储路径
     * @param requestCode 调用系统相机请求码
     */
    public static void takePicture(Activity activity, Uri imageUri, int requestCode) {
        //调用系统相机
        Intent intentCamera = new Intent();
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                intentCamera.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION); //添加这一句表示对目标应用临时授权该Uri所代表的文件
            }
            intentCamera.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
            //将拍照结果保存至photo_file的Uri中，不保留在相册中
            intentCamera.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
        if (activity!=null){
            activity.startActivityForResult(intentCamera, requestCode);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param activity    当前activity
     * @param requestCode 打开相册的请求码
     */
    public static void openPic(Activity activity, int requestCode) {
        Intent photoPickerIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        photoPickerIntent.setType("image/*");
        activity.startActivityForResult(photoPickerIntent, requestCode);
    }

    /**
     * @param activity    当前activity
     * @param orgUri      剪裁原图的Uri
     * @param desUri      剪裁后的图片的Uri
     * @param aspectX     X方向的比例
     * @param aspectY     Y方向的比例
     * @param width       剪裁图片的宽度
     * @param height      剪裁图片高度
     * @param requestCode 剪裁图片的请求码
     */
    public static void cropImageUri(Activity activity, Uri orgUri, Uri desUri, int aspectX, int aspectY, int width, int height, int requestCode) {
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
        }
        intent.setDataAndType(orgUri, "image/*");
        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", aspectX);
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", aspectY);
        intent.putExtra("outputX", width);
        intent.putExtra("outputY", height);
        intent.putExtra("scale", true);
        //将剪切的图片保存到目标Uri中
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, desUri);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
        intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
        intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
        activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
    }

    /**
     * 读取uri所在的图片
     *
     * @param uri      图片对应的Uri
     * @param mContext 上下文对象
     * @return 获取图像的Bitmap
     */
    public static Bitmap getBitmapFromUri(Uri uri, Context mContext) {
        try {
//            Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(mContext.getContentResolver(), uri);
            Bitmap bitmapFormUri = getBitmapFormUri(mContext, uri);
            return bitmapFormUri;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 通过uri获取图片并进行压缩
     *
     * @param uri
     */
    public static Bitmap getBitmapFormUri(Context ac, Uri uri) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        InputStream input = ac.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
        BitmapFactory.Options onlyBoundsOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        onlyBoundsOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        onlyBoundsOptions.inDither = true;//optional
        onlyBoundsOptions.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;//optional
        BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, onlyBoundsOptions);
        input.close();
        int originalWidth = onlyBoundsOptions.outWidth;
        int originalHeight = onlyBoundsOptions.outHeight;
        if ((originalWidth == -1) || (originalHeight == -1)){
            return null;
        }
        //图片分辨率以480x800为标准
        float hh = 800f;//这里设置高度为800f
        float ww = 480f;//这里设置宽度为480f
        //缩放比。由于是固定比例缩放，只用高或者宽其中一个数据进行计算即可
        int be = 1;//be=1表示不缩放
        if (originalWidth > originalHeight && originalWidth > ww) {//如果宽度大的话根据宽度固定大小缩放
            be = (int) (originalWidth / ww);
        } else if (originalWidth < originalHeight && originalHeight > hh) {//如果高度高的话根据宽度固定大小缩放
            be = (int) (originalHeight / hh);
        }
        if (be <= 0){
            be = 1;
        }
        //比例压缩
        BitmapFactory.Options bitmapOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        bitmapOptions.inSampleSize = be;//设置缩放比例
        bitmapOptions.inDither = true;//optional
        bitmapOptions.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;//optional
        input = ac.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, bitmapOptions);
        input.close();
        return compressImage(bitmap);//再进行质量压缩
    }

    /**
     * 质量压缩方法
     *
     * @param image
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap compressImage(Bitmap image) {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, baos);//质量压缩方法，这里100表示不压缩，把压缩后的数据存放到baos中
        int options = 100;
        while (baos.toByteArray().length / 1024 > 100) {  //循环判断如果压缩后图片是否大于100kb,大于继续压缩
            baos.reset();//重置baos即清空baos
            //第一个参数 ：图片格式 ，第二个参数： 图片质量，100为最高，0为最差  ，第三个参数：保存压缩后的数据的流
            image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);//这里压缩options%，把压缩后的数据存放到baos中
            options -= 10;//每次都减少10
        }
        ByteArrayInputStream isBm = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());//把压缩后的数据baos存放到ByteArrayInputStream中
        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(isBm, null, null);//把ByteArrayInputStream数据生成图片
        return bitmap;
    }


    /**
     * @param context 上下文对象
     * @param uri     当前相册照片的Uri
     * @return 解析后的Uri对应的String
     */
    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {

        final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
        String pathHead = "file:///";
        // DocumentProvider
        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
            // ExternalStorageProvider
            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];
                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                    return pathHead + Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
                }
            }
            // DownloadsProvider
            else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {

                final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);

                final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));

                return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
            }
            // MediaProvider
            else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];

                Uri contentUri = null;
                if ("image".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                }

                final String selection = "_id=?";
                final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};

                return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
            }
        }
        // MediaStore (and general)
        else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
        }
        // File
        else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return pathHead + uri.getPath();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
     * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
     *
     * @param context       The context.
     * @param uri           The Uri to query.
     * @param selection     (Optional) Filter used in the query.
     * @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
     * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
     */
    private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {

        Cursor cursor = null;
        final String column = "_data";
        final String[] projection = {column};
        try {
            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
                return cursor.getString(column_index);
            }
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null){
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

}

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