定义 Netfilter 挂钩函数的正确方法是什么？

我正在编写一个内核模块（更具体地说，一个网络过滤器模块）适用于 Linux。我试图使其与各种内核兼容，但入口功能给我带来了麻烦。

从 LXR 中，我可以看到nf_hookfntypedef 在内核 3.13 中发生了变化。

Linux 3.12 及之前版本 http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/include/linux/netfilter.h?v=3.12#L45:

typedef unsigned int nf_hookfn(unsigned int hooknum, (...));

3.13 起： http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/include/linux/netfilter.h?v=3.13#L46

typedef unsigned int nf_hookfn(const struct nf_hook_ops *ops, (...));

然而，我们有一台 Red Hat 机器声称使用内核 3.10.0-123.4.4.el7.x86_64，但其 netlink.h 为

typedef unsigned int nf_hookfn(const struct nf_hook_ops *ops, (...));

就好像它是 3.13+ 代码一样。

它在我的模块上引起警告，因为它完全破坏了我根据内核版本以不同方式定义函数的尝试：

#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 13, 0)
#define HOOK_ARG_TYPE const struct nf_hook_ops *
#else
#define HOOK_ARG_TYPE unsigned int
#endif

我错过了什么文档？没有任何东西向我暗示内核 API 依赖于内核版本和发行版，这是没有意义的。

更重要的是，我该如何解决这个问题？nf_hookfn是一个 typedef，而不是一个宏，所以我不能只是将它放在我的函数定义中。 可能会让事情变得更容易的一件事是我从不使用这一论点。

我肯定不是第一个遇到这种情况的人吧？我是说nf_hookfn是任何 Netfilter 模块的入口点；你可能会认为他们通过改变它破坏了数千个驱动程序。

最后我只是做了一个整个模块 https://github.com/NICMx/Jool/blob/5f60dcda5944b01cc43c3be342aad26af8161bcb/include/nat64/mod/common/nf_wrapper.h致力于此：

/**
 * The kernel API is far from static. In particular, the Netfilter packet entry
 * function keeps changing. nf_hook.c, the file where we declare our packet
 * entry function, has been quite difficult to read for a while now. It's pretty
 * amusing, because we don't even use any of the noisy arguments.
 *
 * This file declares a usable function header that abstracts away all those
 * useless arguments.
 */

#include <linux/version.h>

/* If this is a Red Hat-based kernel (Red Hat, CentOS, Fedora, etc)... */
#ifdef RHEL_RELEASE_CODE

#if RHEL_RELEASE_CODE >= RHEL_RELEASE_VERSION(7, 2)
#define NF_CALLBACK(name, skb) unsigned int name( \
        const struct nf_hook_ops *ops, \
        struct sk_buff *skb, \
        const struct net_device *in, \
        const struct net_device *out, \
        const struct nf_hook_state *state) \

#elif RHEL_RELEASE_CODE >= RHEL_RELEASE_VERSION(7, 0)
#define NF_CALLBACK(name, skb) unsigned int name( \
        const struct nf_hook_ops *ops, \
        struct sk_buff *skb, \
        const struct net_device *in, \
        const struct net_device *out, \
        int (*okfn)(struct sk_buff *))

#else

/*
 * Sorry, I don't have headers for RHEL 6 and below because I'm in a bit of a
 * deadline right now.
 * If this is causing you trouble, find `nf_hookfn` in your kernel headers
 * (typically in include/linux/netfilter.h) and add your version of the
 * NF_CALLBACK macro here.
 * Also, kernel headers per version can be found here: http://vault.centos.org/
 */
#error "Sorry; this version of RHEL is not supported because it's kind of old."

#endif /* RHEL_RELEASE_CODE >= x */


/* If this NOT a RedHat-based kernel (Ubuntu, Debian, SuSE, etc)... */
#else

#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 4, 0)
#define NF_CALLBACK(name, skb) unsigned int name( \
        void *priv, \
        struct sk_buff *skb, \
        const struct nf_hook_state *state)

#elif LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 1, 0)
#define NF_CALLBACK(name, skb) unsigned int name( \
        const struct nf_hook_ops *ops, \
        struct sk_buff *skb, \
        const struct nf_hook_state *state)

#elif LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 13, 0)
#define NF_CALLBACK(name, skb) unsigned int name( \
        const struct nf_hook_ops *ops, \
        struct sk_buff *skb, \
        const struct net_device *in, \
        const struct net_device *out, \
        int (*okfn)(struct sk_buff *))

#elif LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 0, 0)
#define NF_CALLBACK(name, skb) unsigned int name( \
        unsigned int hooknum, \
        struct sk_buff *skb, \
        const struct net_device *in, \
        const struct net_device *out, \
        int (*okfn)(struct sk_buff *))

#else
#error "Linux < 3.0 isn't supported at all."

#endif /* LINUX_VERSION_CODE > n */

#endif /* RHEL or not RHEL */

所以代替这个：

static unsigned int function_name((...), struct sk_buff *skb, (...))
{
    return do_something_with_skb(skb);
}

Do this:

static NF_CALLBACK(function_name, skb)
{
    return do_something_with_skb(skb);
}