通过 google 模块进行 Python 搜索给出 SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED 错误

我在 Mac OSX 上使用 Python 3。 python3 -版本给出：Python 3.6.3

我安装了certifi已经包了。python 3 -m pip install certifi回馈：Requirement already satisfied: certifi in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages

运行此代码时：

from google import search

for url in search('Hallo', tld='com', lang='en', num=1, stop=1):
    print(url)

其结果是：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1318, in do_open
    encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1239, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1285, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1234, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1026, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 964, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1400, in connect
    server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 407, in wrap_socket
    _context=self, _session=session)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 814, in __init__
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 1068, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 689, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:777)

在处理上述异常的过程中，又出现了一个异常：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Google.py", line 4, in <module>
    for url in search('Hallo', tld='com', lang='en', num=1, stop=1):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/__init__.py", line 275, in search
    get_page(url_home % vars())
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/__init__.py", line 121, in get_page
    response = urlopen(request)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 223, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 526, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 544, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 504, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1361, in https_open
    context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1320, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:777)>

有什么问题？

我需要一种简单的方法来获取在 Google 中搜索特定字符串的 URL。

有任何想法吗？

PS：我对Python很陌生，我已经用谷歌搜索了很多这个问题。您能尝试给出一个容易理解的答案吗？

谢谢你！！

尽管这个问题很老了，但我正在回答它，以便与我有同样问题的人知道如何解决这个问题。

这个问题与谷歌或图书馆无关。 在我的例子中，您必须导航到安装 Python 的文件夹：

cd /Applications/Python\ 3.6/
open .

您也可以使用 Finder 来完成此操作。只需前往Applications文件夹中，搜索Python。

双击这个：

然后你必须双击Install Certificates.command.

这应该可以解决它。