迁移 admin.0001_initial 在数据库“default”上的依赖项 app.0001_initial 之前应用

我正在尝试为我的项目制作定制的用户模型Django.

My 模型.py:

class myCustomeUser(AbstractUser):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    username = models.CharField(max_length=20, unique="True", blank=False)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=False)
    is_Employee = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_Inspector = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_Industry = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_Admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)


class Industry(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(myCustomeUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True, related_name='industry_releted_user')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True)
    owner = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True)
    license = models.IntegerField(null=True, unique=True)
    industry_extrafield = models.TextField(blank=True)


class Employee(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(myCustomeUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True, related_name='employee_releted_user')
    industry = models.OneToOneField(Industry, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='employee_releted_industry')
    i_id = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=False, unique=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=False, null=True)
    gmail = models.EmailField(null=True, blank=False, unique=True)
    rank = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=False, null=True)
    employee_varified = models.BooleanField(default=False)


class Inspector(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(myCustomeUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True, related_name='inspector_releted_user')
    inspector_extrafield = models.TextField(blank=True)


class Admin(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(myCustomeUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True, related_name='admin_releted_user')
    admin_extrafield = models.TextField(blank=True)

in 设置.py:

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'app.myCustomeUser'

Here admin.site.register也完成在admin.py。现在，当我尝试时，它在终端中显示以下消息migrate or makemigrations:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 17, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "G:\Python\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line   
    utility.execute()
  File "G:\Python\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 395, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "G:\Python\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 328, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "G:\Python\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 369, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "G:\Python\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 83, in wrapped
    res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "G:\Python\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\makemigrations.py", line 101, in handle       
    loader.check_consistent_history(connection)
  File "G:\Python\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 295, in check_consistent_history        
    raise InconsistentMigrationHistory(
django.db.migrations.exceptions.InconsistentMigrationHistory: Migration admin.0001_initial is applied before its dependency app.0001_initial on database 'default'.

这是什么意思？而且我也不想设置默认值username & password在这个myCustomeUser模型。还请建议我，这是正确的方法吗usermodel?

如果您在未包含自定义用户模型迁移文件的情况下完成了第一次初始迁移，通常会发生此错误。正如消息所说：

“admin.0001_initial 在数据库‘default’上的依赖项 custom_user_app_label.0001_initial 之前应用”

因为初学者总是会进行初始迁移，然后创建自定义用户。在第一次迁移中，它将迁移所有内置 Django 应用程序，包括admin。现在有了自定义用户模型，Django 希望它成为要执行的第一个初始迁移。

请参阅 Django 文档在项目中更改为自定义用户模型 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/topics/auth/customizing/#changing-to-a-custom-user-model-mid-project:%7E:text=Due%20to%20limitations%20of%20Django%E2%80%99s%20dynamic%20dependency%20feature%20for%20swappable%20models%2C%20the%20model%20referenced%20by%20AUTH_USER_MODEL%20must%20be%20created%20in%20the%20first%20migration%20of%20its%20app%20(usually%20called%200001_initial)%3B%20otherwise%2C%20you%E2%80%99ll%20have%20dependency%20issues.

由于Django对可交换模型的动态依赖特性的限制，AUTH_USER_MODEL引用的模型必须在其应用程序的第一次迁移中创建（通常称为0001_initial）；否则，你就会遇到依赖问题。

就我而言，我安装了 Django v4.1。

这就是我重现问题的方式：

• 我之前已经迁移过我的应用程序。然后
• 创建了一个自定义User.
• 将应用程序添加到INSTALLED_APPS.
• 创建迁移文件python manage.py makemigrations
• Set AUTH_USER_MODEL到新的习俗User by AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'myapp_label.User'
• 作为OP遇到迁移错误问题。

这就是我解决问题的方法：

• 删除数据库但是DO NOT删除User初始迁移。

• 确保在您的0001_initial.py-> 类Migration.initial被设定为True.

• 运行迁移python manage.py migrate

• Your User初始迁移应该是迁移执行顺序中的第一个迁移文件。请参阅此迁移输出作为示例：

  Running migrations:
   Applying myapp_label.0001_initial... OK
   Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
   Applying admin.0001_initial...
  

正如您所看到的，它首先执行，然后是内容类型，然后是管理员。