如何通过嵌套正确链接 Promise

我的节点项目当前包含嵌套回调的侧向圣诞树，以便获取数据并按正确的顺序处理它们。现在我正在尝试使用 Promises 重构它，但我不确定如何正确执行。

假设我要获取办公室列表，然后获取每个办公室的所有员工，然后获取每个员工的工资。最后，所有实体（办公室、员工和工资）都应该链接在一起并存储在数据库中。

一些伪代码说明了我当前的代码（省略了错误处理）：

fetch(officesEndpoint, function (data, response) {
    parse(data, function (err, offices) {
        offices.forEach(function (office) {
            save(office);
            fetch(employeesEndPoint, function (data, response) {
                parse(data, function (err, employees) {
                    // link each employee to office
                    save(office);
                    save(employee);
                    employees.forEach(function () {
                        fetch(salaryEndpoint, function (data, response) {
                            parse(data, function (err, salaries) {
                                // link salary to employee
                                save(employee);
                            });
                        });
                    });
                });
            });
        });
    });
});

我尝试用承诺来解决这个问题，但有几个问题：

• 有点冗长？
• 每个办公室都需要与其各自的员工联系起来，但在saveEmployees功能我只能访问员工，而不能访问链中更上层的办公室：

var restClient = require('node-rest-client');
var client = new restClient.Client();
var xml2js = require('xml2js');

// some imaginary endpoints
var officesEndpoint = 'http://api/offices';
var employeesEndpoint = 'http://api/offices/employees';
var salaryEndpoint = 'http://api/employees/:id/salary';


function fetch (url) {
    return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
        client.get(url, function (data, response) {
            if (response.statusCode !== 200) {
                reject(statusCode);
            }
            resolve(data);
        });
    });
}

function parse (data) {
    return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
        xml2js.parseString(data, function (err, result) {
            if (err) {
                reject(err);
            }
            resolve(result);
        });
    });
}

function saveOffices (offices) {
    var saveOffice = function (office) {
        return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
            setTimeout(function () {  // simulating async save()
                console.log('saved office in mongodb');
                resolve(office);
            }, 500);
        })
    }
    return Promise.all(offices.map(saveOffice));
}

function saveEmployees (employees) {
    var saveEmployee = function (employee) {
        return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
            setTimeout(function () { // simulating async save()
                console.log('saved employee in mongodb');
                resolve(office);
            }, 500);
        })
    }
    return Promise.all(offices.map(saveEmployee));
}

fetch(officesEndpoint)
.then(parse)
.then(saveOffices)
.then(function (savedOffices) {
    console.log('all offices saved!', savedOffices);
    return savedOffices;
})
.then(function (savedOffices) {
    fetch(employeesEndPoint)
    .then(parse)
    .then(saveEmployees)
    .then(function (savedEmployees) {
        // repeat the chain for fetching salaries?
    })
})
.catch(function (error) {
    console.log('something went wrong:', error);
});

您不一定必须嵌套，这也可以：

fetch(officesEndpoint)
  .then(parse)
  .then(saveOffices)
  .then(function(savedOffices) {
    console.log('all offices saved!', savedOffices);
    return savedOffices;
  })
  .then(function(savedOffices) {
    // return a promise
    return fetch(employeesEndPoint); // the returned promise can be more complex, like a Promise.all of fetchEmployeesOfThisOffice(officeId)
  })
  // so you can chain at this level
  .then(parse)
  .then(saveEmployees)
  .then(function(savedEmployees) {
    return fetch(salariesEndPoint);
  })
  .catch(function(error) {
    console.log('something went wrong:', error);
  });