亚马逊 Linux 上的 mysql - MySQL 守护进程无法启动

我尝试重新启动 EC2 实例并sudo service httpd restart.

但我仍然收到这样的消息：

[ec2-user@ip-* ~]$ sudo service mysqld start
MySQL Daemon failed to start.
Starting mysqld:                                           [FAILED]

我也收到这样的消息：

[ec2-user@ip-* ~]$ mysqld
160127  7:01:48 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.5.46) starting as process 2745 ...
160127  7:01:48 [Warning] Can't create test file /var/lib/mysql/ip-*.lower-test
160127  7:01:48 [Warning] Can't create test file /var/lib/mysql/ip-*.lower-test
160127  7:01:48 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/plugin.frm' (errno: 13)
160127  7:01:48 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.8
160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
160127  7:01:48  InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
InnoDB: the directory.
InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1
InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'.
InnoDB: Cannot continue operation.

我不知道我该怎么办..

Cheers!

EDIT

（+我也在使用亚马逊 RDS。）

现在，我尝试了sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql too.

But

[ec2-user@ip-* ~]$ mysql_upgrade
Looking for 'mysql' as: mysql
Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: mysqlcheck
FATAL ERROR: Upgrade failed

[ec2-user@ip-* ~]$ ls -lh /var/lib/mysql/
합계 29M
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5.0M  1월 27 06:52 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5.0M  1월 27 06:12 ib_logfile1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  18M  1월 27 06:52 ibdata1
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  1월 20 07:03 mysql
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  1월 20 07:03 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  1월 20 07:03 test

截至目前，具有 0.5GiB 内存的 Nano 实例不允许运行 mysqld - 它们没有足够的内存。运行具有 1GiB 内存的微型实例可以完全解决问题。我认为 AWS 的人员应该在 LAMP 安装说明中对此进行记录，因为这项研究花了我几个小时甚至一天的时间才弄清楚。