如何将空白复选框作为 false 传递给参数

我有一个更新用户表单的表单，其中几个元素是复选框。我希望 true 传递给参数（如果选中）（这是工作）， false 传递给参数（如果未选中）（不工作）。未经检查的项目甚至没有发送到参数。如何使未检查的项目作为错误通过？

Form

<%= form_tag user_url(@user), class: "form-signin", method: 'patch' do %>
 <h4>Please confirm your email.  We'll only email you if you have notifications.</h4>
  <%= email_field_tag :email, current_user.email %>
 <h4>Want to be notified when someone needs a player?  Choose which sports below.</h4>
  <%= check_box_tag :basketball, checked = true %> Basketball</br></br>
  <%= check_box_tag :indoor_volleyball, checked = true %> Indoor Volleyball</br></br>
  <%= check_box_tag :beach_volleyball, checked = true %> Beach Volleyball</br></br>
  <%= check_box_tag :soccer, checked = true %> Soccer</br></br>
  <%= check_box_tag :flag_football, checked = true %> Flag Football</br></br>
  <%= check_box_tag :hockey, checked = true %> Hockey</br></br>
  <%= check_box_tag :kickball, checked = true %> Kickball</br></br>
  <%= check_box_tag :softball, checked = true %> Softball
  <%= hidden_field_tag :user_id, :value => current_user.id %>
  <%= hidden_field_tag :user, :value => current_user %>
 <div>
  </br>
  <%= submit_tag "Submit", class:"btn btn-large btn-success" %>
 </div>

控制器

  def update
   respond_to do |format|
   if @user.update(update_params)
     format.html { redirect_to @user, notice: 'Updates were successful.' }
     format.json { head :no_content }
    else
     format.html { render action: 'edit' }
     format.json { render json: @user.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
    end
   end
  end

  def update_params
    params.permit(:email, :soccer, :softball, :beach_volleyball, :indoor_volleyball, :flag_football, :basketball, :hockey, :kickball)
  end

您需要在每个具有空值的复选框之前放置一个隐藏字段标记，例如：

<%= hidden_field_tag :basketball, '' %>
<%= check_box_tag :basketball, checked = true %> Basketball</br></br>

然后，表单知道如果未选择任何内容，则需要用空值填充该字段。