单元测试项目无法读取应用程序的App.config

在运行 Visual Studio Pro 2013 12.0.21005.1 的构建计算机上，我有一个单元测试项目无法正确读取其 App.config 文件（如果有的话）。以下返回 null：

System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.GetSection( "loggingConfiguration" )

不仅仅是日志配置部分无法读取；还包括日志配置部分。任何读取任何部分的尝试都会导致空值。

在运行 Visual Studio Pro 2013 12.0.31101.00 Update 4 的笔记本电脑上，单元测试项目可以很好地读取 App.config，并且上面的调用返回预期的对象。

我的 XML 看起来像这样：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="loggingConfiguration" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.LoggingSettings, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="true" />
    <section name="exceptionHandling" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.ExceptionHandling.Configuration.ExceptionHandlingSettings, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.ExceptionHandling, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="true" />
    <section name="dataConfiguration" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Data.Configuration.DatabaseSettings, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Data, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="false" />
    <section name="dataCacheClient" type="Microsoft.ApplicationServer.Caching.DataCacheClientSection, Microsoft.ApplicationServer.Caching.Core, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="true" />
  </configSections>

<loggingConfiguration name="" tracingEnabled="false" defaultCategory="Verbose" logWarningsWhenNoCategoriesMatch="false">
    <listeners>
      <add name="Event Log Listener" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.TraceListeners.FormattedEventLogTraceListener, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" listenerDataType="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.FormattedEventLogTraceListenerData, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" source="MyCompany" formatter="Text Formatter" log="Application" />
      <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.TraceListeners.RollingFlatFileTraceListener, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" listenerDataType="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.RollingFlatFileTraceListenerData, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" fileName="Service.log" formatter="Text Formatter" rollFileExistsBehavior="Increment" rollInterval="Day" />
      <add listenerDataType="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.CustomTraceListenerData, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" type="MyCompany.Core.Instrumentation.ConsoleTraceListener, MyCompany.Core" formatter="Debug Formatter" traceOutputOptions="None" name="Debug Console Listener" />
    </listeners>
    <formatters>
      <add type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Formatters.TextFormatter, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" template="Timestamp: {timestamp(local)}{newline}&#xA;Title: {title}{newline}&#xA;Message: {message}{newline}&#xA;Severity: {severity}{newline}&#xA;Priority: {priority}{newline}&#xA;Categories: {category}{newline}&#xA;EventId: {eventid}{newline}&#xA;Machine: {localMachine}{newline}&#xA;ProcessId: {localProcessId}{newline}&#xA;Process Name: {localProcessName}{newline}&#xA;Win32 ThreadId:{win32ThreadId}{newline}&#xA;Thread Name: {threadName}{newline}&#xA;Extended Properties: {dictionary({key} - {value}{newline})}" name="Text Formatter" />
      <add type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Formatters.TextFormatter, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" template="{timestamp(local:FixedFormatUSDate)} {timestamp(local:FixedFormatTime)} [{severity} P{priority} T{win32ThreadId}/'{threadName}']   {title}: {message} [{category}]" name="Debug Formatter" />
    </formatters>
    <logFilters>
      <add type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Filters.CategoryFilter, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" categoryFilterMode="AllowAllExceptDenied" name="Category Filter">
        <categoryFilters>
        </categoryFilters>
      </add>
      <add type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Filters.PriorityFilter, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" maximumPriority="4" name="Priority Filter" />
    </logFilters>
    <categorySources>
      <add switchValue="Information" name="MyCompany.Core.Configuration">
        <listeners>
          <add name="Event Log Listener" />
          <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" />
          <add name="Debug Console Listener" />
        </listeners>
      </add>
      <add switchValue="All" name="ServiceExceptionPolicy">
        <listeners>
          <add name="Event Log Listener" />
          <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" />
          <add name="Debug Console Listener" />
        </listeners>
      </add>
      <add switchValue="All" name="Critical">
        <listeners>
          <add name="Event Log Listener" />
          <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" />
          <add name="Debug Console Listener" />
        </listeners>
      </add>
      <add switchValue="All" name="Error">
        <listeners>
          <add name="Event Log Listener" />
          <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" />
          <add name="Debug Console Listener" />
        </listeners>
      </add>
      <add switchValue="All" name="Warning">
        <listeners>
          <add name="Event Log Listener" />
          <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" />
          <add name="Debug Console Listener" />
        </listeners>
      </add>
      <add switchValue="All" name="Information">
        <listeners>
          <add name="Event Log Listener" />
          <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" />
          <add name="Debug Console Listener" />
        </listeners>
      </add>
      <add switchValue="All" name="Verbose">
        <listeners>
          <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" />
          <add name="Debug Console Listener" />
        </listeners>
      </add>
    </categorySources>
    <specialSources>
      <allEvents switchValue="Off" name="All Events" />
      <notProcessed switchValue="Off" name="Unprocessed Category" />
      <errors switchValue="All" name="Logging Errors &amp; Warnings">
        <listeners>
          <add name="Rolling Flat File Listener" />
          <add name="Debug Console Listener" />
        </listeners>
      </errors>
    </specialSources>
  </loggingConfiguration>
  <exceptionHandling>
    <exceptionPolicies>
      <add name="ServiceExceptionPolicy">
        <exceptionTypes>
          <add name="All Exceptions" type="System.Exception, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" postHandlingAction="ThrowNewException">
            <exceptionHandlers>
              <add name="Logging Exception Handler" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.ExceptionHandling.Logging.LoggingExceptionHandler, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.ExceptionHandling.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" logCategory="ServiceExceptionPolicy" eventId="100" severity="Error" title="Enterprise Library Exception Handling" formatterType="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.ExceptionHandling.TextExceptionFormatter, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.ExceptionHandling" priority="0" />
            </exceptionHandlers>
          </add>
        </exceptionTypes>
      </add>
    </exceptionPolicies>
  </exceptionHandling>
  <dataConfiguration defaultDatabase="SOMEDATABASE" />
  <connectionStrings>
  <!-- some connection strings -->
  </connectionStrings>
</configuration>

任何人都知道这在一种环境中失败但在另一种环境中失败的任何原因吗？

这需要自定义配置：

<section name="loggingConfiguration" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.LoggingSettings, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=5.0.414.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="true" />

看看里面type它指向自定义配置处理程序。我的猜测是测试项目中缺少 DLL 引用。