冻结（.exe）一个traitsUI程序，现实可行吗？

我正在尝试使用 cx_freeze 或 pyInstaller 冻结一个 TraitsUI 程序，该程序利用 Chaco、Traits、TraitsUI 以及较小程度的 mayavi（实际上可以取出）。我需要它在 mac、linux、ubuntu 上运行，所以我避免使用 py2exe。我特意卸载了 pyqt 和 pyside，以便只有 wx 后端可用。

使用 cx_freeze，我遇到并报告了一个错误，因此 pyInstaller 似乎让我走得最远。它生成了一个 .exe 文件，但是当我运行该文件时，我收到警告和错误。为了生成 .exe 文件，我执行了以下操作：

pyinstaller --onefile --name=pameapp pamemain.py 
pyinstaller pameapp.exe

运行后，警告如下：

Warning: Unable to import the wx backend for pyface due to traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/pyface.toolkit", line 45, in _init_toolkit
      File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/pyface.toolkit", line 31, in import_toolkit
    ImportError: No module named wx.init

Warning: Unable to import the qt4 backend for pyface due to traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/pyface.toolkit", line 45, in _init_toolkit
      File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/pyface.toolkit", line 31, in import_toolkit
    ImportError: No module named init

Warning: Unable to import the null backend for pyface due to traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/pyface.toolkit", line 45, in _init_toolkit
      File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/pyface.toolkit", line 31, in import_toolkit
    ImportError: No module named null.init

此外，我收到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 8, in <module>
  File "/home/glue/anaconda/envs/fibersim/lib/python2.7/site-packages/PyInstaller/loader/pyi_importers.py", line 270, in load_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traitsui.api", line 35, in <module>
  File "/home/glue/anaconda/envs/fibersim/lib/python2.7/site-packages/PyInstaller/loader/pyi_importers.py", line 270, in load_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traitsui.editors", line 22, in <module>
  File "/home/glue/anaconda/envs/fibersim/lib/python2.7/site-packages/PyInstaller/loader/pyi_importers.py", line 270, in load_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traitsui.editors.api", line 10, in <module>
  File "/home/glue/anaconda/envs/fibersim/lib/python2.7/site-packages/PyInstaller/loader/pyi_importers.py", line 270, in load_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traitsui.editors.code_editor", line 36, in <module>
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traitsui.editors.code_editor", line 48, in ToolkitEditorFactory
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traits.traits", line 487, in __call__
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traits.traits", line 1191, in Color
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traitsui.toolkit_traits", line 7, in ColorTrait
  File "/home/glue/Desktop/fibersim/pame/build/pameapp/out00-PYZ.pyz/traitsui.toolkit", line 137, in toolkit
traits.trait_errors.TraitError: Could not find any UI toolkit called 'null'

pyface 可能有很多动态导入，所以这一定是任何试图冻结 ETS 的人都会遇到的问题。有没有一个修复程序可以使其正常工作？

考虑到网上流传的有关冻结 ETS 计划成功率的旧资料，是否值得进一步投资？对我们来说，让人们避免为此应用程序配置 python 将是一个巨大的优势。

Thanks.

您正在使用的 Pyface.toolkit 使用动态导入：

def import_toolkit(tk):
    try:
        # Try and import the toolkit's pyface backend init module.
        be = 'pyface.ui.%s.' % tk
        __import__(be + 'init')
    except:
        raise
    return be

所以 pyinstaller 无法检测到这一点。检查与python -v b.py 2>&1 | grep imp具体导入并添加正确的钩子文件（hook-.py）是什么hiddenimports list.

但是我在本地做了一些测试，但无法使用以下命令进行工作测试模式__import__。很奇怪，我做了一些调试，发现添加了hiddenimport但仍然无法使用。