【k8s】【ELK】日志环境部署【待写】

1、日志收集基本概念

k8s中pod的路径：
containers log: /var/log/containers/*.log
Pod log： /var/log/pods
docker log: /var/lib/docker/containers/*/*.log

如何收集日志

使用 EFK+Logstash+Kafka

1、filebeat读取容器中的日志，然后写入Kafka集群中对应的topic（重点在于filebeat如何收集容器日志）；
2、logstash从Kafka中读取数据，然后对数据进行清洗，而后写入ES对应的索引中；
3、Kibana匹配对应的ES索引，进行日志展示，分析

收集K8S哪些日志?

2、交付Elastic集群

#创建ns 、 docker-registry
kubectl create namespace logging

kubectl create secret docker-registry harbor-admin \
--docker-username=admin \
--docker-password=Harbor12345 \
--docker-server=harbor.oldxu.net \
-n logging

2.1 ES集群的构建

传统方式部署ES集群，参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42890981/article/details/126692731 
和
https://blog.csdn.net/opensystem123/article/details/128131030

1、 ES 集群是由多个节点组成的，通过 cluster.name设置ES集群名称，同时用于区分其它的ES集群。
2、每个节点通过 node.name 参数来设定所在集群的节点名称。
3、节点使用 discovery.send_hosts 参数来设定集群节点的列表。

4、集群在第一次启动时，需要初始化，同时需要指定参与选举的master节点IP，或节点名称。
5、每个节点可以通过 node.master:true 设定为master角色，通过 node.data:true 设定为data角色。

demo：

2.2 交付ES-Service

#docker pull docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.17.6
docker pull elasticsearch:7.17.6
docker tag 5fad10241ffd harbor.oldxu.net/base/elasticsearch:7.17.6
docker push harbor.oldxu.net/base/elasticsearch:7.17.6

01-es-svc.yaml

#创建es-headlessService，为每个ES Pod设定固定的DNS名称，无论它是Master或是Data，易或是Coordinating
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: es-svc
  namespace: logging
spec:
  selector:
    app: es
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
  - name: cluster
    port: 9200
    targetPort: 9200
  - name: transport
    port: 9300
    targetPort: 9300

2.3 交付ES-Master节点

1、ES无法使用root直接启动，需要授权数据目录UID=1000，同时还需要持久化/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
2、ES所有节点都需要设定 vm.max_map_count 内核参数以及ulimit；

3、ES启动是通过ENV环境变量传参来完成的
3.1、集群名称、节点名称、角色类型
3.2、 discovery.seed_hosts 集群地址列表
3.3、 cluster.initial_master_nodes 初始集群参与选举的master节点名称；

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: es-master
  namespace: logging
spec:
  serviceName: "es-svc"
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: es
      role: master
    template:
      metadata:
        labels:
          app: es
          role: master
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
      - name: harbor-admin
      affinity:
        podAntiAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - labelSelector:
              matchExpressions:
              - key: app
                operator: In
                values: ["es"]
              - key: role
                operator: In
                values: ["master"]
            topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname"
            
      initContainers:
      - name: fix-permissions
        image: busybox
        command: ["sh","-c","chown -R 1000:1000 /usr/share/elasticsearch/data ; sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144; ulimit -n 65536"]        
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
          
      containers:
      - name: es
        image: harbor.oldxu.net/base/elasticsearch:7.17.6
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1000m
            memory: 1024Mi
        ports:
        - name: cluster
          containerPort: 9200
        - name: transport
          containerPort: 9300
        
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
        env:
        - name: ES_JAVA_OPTS
          value: "-Xms512m -Xmx512m"        
        - name: cluster.name
          value: es-oldxu
        - name: node.name
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: node.master
          value: "true"
        - name: node.data
          value: "false"
        - name: discovery.seed_hosts
          value: "es-master-0.es-svc,es-master-1.es-svc,es-master-2.es-svc"
        - name: cluster.initial_master_nodes
          value: "es-master-0,es-master-1,es-master-2"
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: data
    spec:
      accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]   
      storageClassName: "nfs"
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 25Gi         

2.4交付ES-Data节点

1、ES无法使用root直接启动，需要授权数据目录UID=1000，同时还需要持久化 /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
2、ES所有节点都需要设定 vm.max_map_count 内核参数以及ulimit；

3、ES启动是通过ENV环境变量传参来完成的
3.1、集群名称、节点名称、角色类型
3.2、 discovery.seed_hosts 集群节点地址，任意填写Master节点域名
#资源内存有限，部署2个ES-data节点

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: es-data
  namespace: logging
spec:
  serviceName: "es-svc"
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: es
      role: data
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: es
        role: data
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
      - name: harbor-admin
      affinity:
        podAntiAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - labelSelector:
              matchExpressions:
              - key: app
                operator: In
                value: ["es"]
              - key: role
                operator: In
                value: ["data"]
            topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname"
      initContainers:
      - name: fix-permissions
        image: busybox
        command: ["sh","-c","chown -R 1000:1000 /usr/share/elasticsearch/data ; sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144; ulimit -n 65536"]
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
      
      containers:
      - name: es
        image: harbor.oldxu.net/base/elasticsearch:7.17.6
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1000m
            memory: 1024Mi
        ports:
        - name: cluster
          containerPort" 9200
        - name: transport
          containerPort: 9300
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
        env:
        - name: ES_JAVA_OPTS
          value: "-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
        - name: cluster.name
          value: es-oldxu
        - name: node.name
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: node.master
          value: "false"
        - name: node.data
          value: "true"
        - name: discovery.seed_hosts
          value: "es-master-0,es-master-1,es-master-2"  

  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: data
    spec:
      accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
      storageClassName: "nfs"
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 20Gi

2.5 验证ES集群 （待写）

3.交付Kibana可视化

3.1 交付Kibana（dp、svc、ingress）

docker pull kibana:7.17.6
docker tag kibana:7.17.6 harbor.oldxu.net/base/kibana:7.17.6
docker push harbor.oldxu.net/base/kibana:7.17.6

#说明：
#cat /etc/kibana/kibana.yml
server.port: 5601           #kibana默认监听端口
server.host: "0.0.0.0"      #kibana监听地址段
elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://localhost:9200"]
# kibana丛coordinating节点获取数据
i18n.locale: "zh-CN"        #kibana汉化

01-kibana-dp.yam

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kibana
  namespace: logging
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: kibana
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: kibana
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
      - name: harbor-admin
      containers:
      - name: kibana
        image: harbor.oldxu.net/base/kibana:7.17.6
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1000m
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5601
        env:
        - name: ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS
          value: '["http:/es-data-0.es-svc:9200","http:/es-data-1.es-svc:9200"]'        
        - name: I18N_LOCALE
          value: "zh-CN"
        - name: SERVER_PUBLICBASEURL
          value: "http://kibana.oldxu.net"        
        

02-kibana-svc.yam

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kibana-svc
  namespace: logging
spec:
  selector:
    app: kibana
  ports:
  - name: web
    port: 5601
    targetPort: 5601  

03-kibana-ingress.yam

#apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: kibana-ingress
  namespace: logging
spec:
  ingressClassName: "nginx"
  rules:
  - host: "kibana.oldxu.net"
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          serviceName: kibana-svc
          servicePort: 5601
          #service:
          #  name: kibana-svc
          #  port:
          #    number: 5601

3.2 访问kibana （待写）