无法使用python和beautifulsoup抓取网页中的某些href

我目前正在使用 Python 3.4 和 bs4 爬取网页，以收集塞尔维亚在里约 2016 年的比赛结果。所以网址here http://rio2016.fivb.com/en/volleyball/women/teams/srb-serbia#wcbody_0_wcgridpadgridpad1_1_wcmenucontent_3_Schedule例如，包含她参加的所有比赛结果的链接this http://rio2016.fivb.com/en/volleyball/women/7168-serbia-italy/post.

然后我发现该链接位于html源中，如下所示：

<a href="/en/volleyball/women/7168-serbia-italy/post" ng-href="/en/volleyball/women/7168-serbia-italy/post">
    <span class="score ng-binding">3 - 0</span>
</a>

但经过多次尝试，这href="/en/volleyball/women/7168-serbia-italy/post"永远不会出现。然后我尝试运行以下代码以从 url 获取所有 href：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests

Countryr = requests.get('http://rio2016.fivb.com/en/volleyball/women/teams/srb-serbia#wcbody_0_wcgridpadgridpad1_1_wcmenucontent_3_Schedule')
countrySoup = BeautifulSoup(Countryr.text)

for link in countrySoup.find_all('a'):
    print(link.get('href'))

然后奇怪的事情发生了。这href="/en/volleyball/women/7168-serbia-italy/post"根本不包含在输出中。

我发现这个href位于其中一个标签页中href="#scheduldedOver"在此 url 中，它由以下 HTML 代码控制：

<nav class="tabnav">
    <a href="#schedulded" ng-class="{selected: chosenStatus == 'Pre' }" ng-click="setStatus('Pre')" ng-href="#schedulded">Scheduled</a>
    <a href="#scheduldedLive" ng-class="{selected: chosenStatus == 'Live' }" ng-click="setStatus('Live')" ng-href="#scheduldedLive">Live</a>
    <a href="#scheduldedOver" class="selected" ng-class="{selected: chosenStatus == 'Over' }" ng-click="setStatus('Over')" ng-href="#scheduldedOver">Complete</a>
</nav>

那么我应该如何在标签页中使用 BeautifulSoup 获取 href 呢？

数据是动态创建的，如果您查看实际来源，您可以看到Angularjs https://docs.angularjs.org/tutorial/step_02模板化。

你仍然可以通过模仿ajax调用来获取json格式的所有信息，在源码中yuuuuou还可以看到一个像这样的div：

<div id="AngularPanel" class="main-wrapper" ng-app="fivb"
data-servicematchcenterbar="/en/api/volley/matches/341/en/user/lives"
data-serviceteammatches="/en/api/volley/matches/WOG2016/en/user/team/3017"
data-servicelabels="/en/api/labels/Volley/en" 
data-servicelive="/en/api/volley/matches/WOG2016/en/user/live/">

使用data-servicematchcenterbarhref 将为您提供所有信息：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
from urlparse import urljoin

r = requests.get('http://rio2016.fivb.com/en/volleyball/women/teams/srb-serbia#wcbody_0_wcgridpadgridpad1_1_wcmenucontent_3_Schedule')
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.content)

base = "http://rio2016.fivb.com/"

json = requests.get(urljoin(base, soup.select_one("#AngularPanel")["data-serviceteammatches"])).json()

在 json 中，您将看到如下输出：

{"Id": 7168, "MatchNumber": "006", "TournamentCode": "WOG2016", "TournamentName": "Women's Olympic Games 2016",
        "TournamentGroupName": "", "Gender": "", "LocalDateTime": "2016-08-06T22:35:00",
        "UtcDateTime": "2016-08-07T01:35:00+00:00", "CalculatedMatchDate": "2016-08-07T03:35:00+02:00",
        "CalculatedMatchDateType": "user", "LocalDateTimeText": "August 06 2016",
        "Pool": {"Code": "B", "Name": "Pool B", "Url": "/en/volleyball/women/results and ranking/round1#anchorB"},
        "Round": 68,
        "Location": {"Arena": "Maracanãzinho", "City": "Maracanãzinho", "CityUrl": "", "Country": "Brazil"},
        "TeamA": {"Code": "SRB", "Name": "Serbia", "Url": "/en/volleyball/women/teams/srb-serbia",
                  "FlagUrl": "/~/media/flags/flag_SRB.png?h=60&w=60"},
        "TeamB": {"Code": "ITA", "Name": "Italy", "Url": "/en/volleyball/women/teams/ita-italy",
                  "FlagUrl": "/~/media/flags/flag_ITA.png?h=60&w=60"},
        "Url": "/en/volleyball/women/7168-serbia-italy/post", "TicketUrl": "", "Status": "Over", "MatchPointsA": 3,
        "MatchPointsB": 0, "Sets": [{"Number": 1, "PointsA": 27, "PointsB": 25, "Hours": 0, "Minutes": "28"},
                                    {"Number": 2, "PointsA": 25, "PointsB": 20, "Hours": 0, "Minutes": "25"},
                                    {"Number": 3, "PointsA": 25, "PointsB": 23, "Hours": 0, "Minutes": "27"}],
        "PoolRoundName": "Preliminary Round", "DayInfo": "Weekend Day",
        "WeekInfo": {"Number": 31, "Start": 7, "End": 13}, "LiveStreamUri": ""},

您可以从中解析您需要的任何内容。