conda 无法从 yml 创建环境

我尝试运行下面的代码来从 YAML 文件创建虚拟 Python 环境。我在 Ubuntu 服务器上的命令行中运行代码。虚拟环境名为 py36。当我运行下面的代码时，我收到下面的消息。环境也没有被创建。这个问题是因为我有几个必须使用 pip 而不是 Anaconda 安装的软件包而引起的吗？有谁知道如何解决这个问题？

我按照以下示例创建了 YAML 文件：

https://datascience.stackexchange.com/questions/24093/how-to-clone-python-working-environment-on-another-machine

Code:

conda env create -f py36.yml

py36.yml

name: py36
channels:
  - anaconda
  - cvxgrp
  - conda-forge
  - defaults
dependencies:
  - beautifulsoup4=4.6.3=py36_0
  - patsy=0.5.1=py36_0
  - sqlite=3.25.3=ha441bb4_0
  - tk=8.6.8=ha441bb4_0
  - asn1crypto=0.24.0=py36_1003
  - ca-certificates=2018.11.29=ha4d7672_0
  - certifi=2018.11.29=py36_1000
  - cffi=1.11.5=py36h5e8e0c9_1
  - clangdev=4.0.0=default_0
  - cryptography=2.3.1=py36hdbc3d79_1000
  - cryptography-vectors=2.3.1=py36_1000
  - cycler=0.10.0=py_1
  - fftw=3.3.8=h470a237_0
  - freetype=2.9.1=h6debe1e_4
  - glpk=4.65=h16a7912_1
  - gmp=6.1.2=hfc679d8_0
  - icu=58.2=h0a44026_1000
  - idna=2.8=py36_1000
  - kiwisolver=1.0.1=py36h2d50403_2
  - lapack=3.6.1=1
  - libiconv=1.15=h1de35cc_1004
  - libpng=1.6.35=ha92aebf_2
  - libxml2=2.9.8=hf14e9c8_1005
  - lightgbm=2.2.1=py36hfc679d8_0
  - llvmdev=4.0.0=default_0
  - matplotlib=2.2.3=py36h0e0179f_0
  - metis=5.1.0=3
  - mkl_fft=1.0.6=py36_0
  - mkl_random=1.0.1=py36_0
  - mlxtend=0.13.0=py_1
  - openblas=0.2.20=8
  - openmp=4.0.0=1
  - openssl=1.0.2p=h1de35cc_1002
  - pandas=0.23.4=py36hf8a1672_0
  - pycparser=2.19=py_0
  - pyopenssl=18.0.0=py36_1000
  - pyparsing=2.2.0=py_1
  - pysocks=1.6.8=py36_1002
  - python=3.6.6=h4a56312_1003
  - pytz=2018.5=py_0
  - selenium=3.141.0=py36h470a237_0
  - tbb=2018_20171205=0
  - urllib3=1.24.1=py36_1000
  - cvxcanon=0.1.1=py36_0
  - cvxpy=1.0.6=py36_0
  - ecos=2.0.5=py36hf9b3073_0
  - multiprocess=0.70.4=py36_0
  - scs=1.2.6=py36_0
  - appnope=0.1.0=py36hf537a9a_0
  - backcall=0.1.0=py36_0
  - blas=1.0=mkl
  - cvxopt=1.2.0=py36hb579ef3_0
  - decorator=4.3.0=py36_0
  - dill=0.2.8.2=py36_0
  - dsdp=5.8=hb579ef3_0
  - fastcache=1.0.2=py36h1de35cc_2
  - gsl=2.4=h1de35cc_4
  - intel-openmp=2019.0=117
  - ipykernel=4.8.2=py36_0
  - ipython=6.4.0=py36_0
  - ipython_genutils=0.2.0=py36h241746c_0
  - jedi=0.12.0=py36_1
  - jupyter_client=5.2.3=py36_0
  - jupyter_core=4.4.0=py36h79cf704_0
  - libcxx=4.0.1=h579ed51_0
  - libcxxabi=4.0.1=hebd6815_0
  - libedit=3.1.20170329=hb402a30_2
  - libffi=3.2.1=h475c297_4
  - libgcc=4.8.5=hdbeacc1_10
  - libgfortran=3.0.1=h93005f0_2
  - libopenblas=0.3.3=hdc02c5d_2
  - libsodium=1.0.16=h3efe00b_0
  - mkl=2018.0.3=1
  - ncurses=6.1=h0a44026_0
  - numpy=1.15.4=py36h6a91979_0
  - numpy-base=1.15.4=py36h8a80b8c_0
  - parso=0.2.1=py36_0
  - pexpect=4.6.0=py36_0
  - pickleshare=0.7.4=py36hf512f8e_0
  - pip=10.0.1=py36_0
  - prompt_toolkit=1.0.15=py36haeda067_0
  - ptyprocess=0.5.2=py36he6521c3_0
  - pygments=2.2.0=py36h240cd3f_0
  - python-dateutil=2.7.3=py36_0
  - pyzmq=17.0.0=py36h1de35cc_1
  - readline=7.0=hc1231fa_4
  - scikit-learn=0.20.1=py36h4f467ca_0
  - scipy=1.1.0=py36h28f7352_1
  - setuptools=39.2.0=py36_0
  - simplegeneric=0.8.1=py36_2
  - six=1.11.0=py36h0e22d5e_1
  - suitesparse=5.2.0=he235d88_0
  - toolz=0.9.0=py36_0
  - tornado=5.0.2=py36_0
  - traitlets=4.3.2=py36h65bd3ce_0
  - wcwidth=0.1.7=py36h8c6ec74_0
  - wheel=0.31.1=py36_0
  - xz=5.2.4=h1de35cc_4
  - zeromq=4.2.5=h378b8a2_0
  - zlib=1.2.11=hf3cbc9b_2
  - pip:
    - absl-py==0.2.2
    - astor==0.6.2
    - bleach==1.5.0
    - cython==0.28.3
    - gast==0.2.0
    - grpcio==1.12.1
    - h5py==2.8.0
    - html5lib==0.9999999
    - keras==2.2.0
    - keras-applications==1.0.2
    - keras-preprocessing==1.0.1
    - markdown==2.6.11
    - pillow==5.1.0
    - protobuf==3.5.2.post1
    - pyramid-arima==0.6.5
    - pyyaml==3.12
    - sklearn==0.0
    - statsmodels==0.9.0
    - tensorboard==1.8.0
    - tensorflow==1.8.0
    - termcolor==1.1.0
    - tqdm==4.23.4
    - werkzeug==0.14.1
    - xlrd==1.1.0
prefix: /Users/username/anaconda2/envs/py36

命令行

conda env create -f py36.yml
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: failed

ResolvePackageNotFound: 
  - libgfortran==3.0.1=h93005f0_2
  - pyzmq==17.0.0=py36h1de35cc_1
  - python==3.6.6=h4a56312_1003
  - prompt_toolkit==1.0.15=py36haeda067_0
  - libiconv==1.15=h1de35cc_1004
  - sqlite==3.25.3=ha441bb4_0
  - six==1.11.0=py36h0e22d5e_1
  - cryptography==2.3.1=py36hdbc3d79_1000
  - openssl==1.0.2p=h1de35cc_1002
  - libxml2==2.9.8=hf14e9c8_1005
  - libcxxabi==4.0.1=hebd6815_0
  - matplotlib==2.2.3=py36h0e0179f_0
  - ptyprocess==0.5.2=py36he6521c3_0
  - readline==7.0=hc1231fa_4
  - libedit==3.1.20170329=hb402a30_2
  - libgcc==4.8.5=hdbeacc1_10
  - xz==5.2.4=h1de35cc_4
  - pickleshare==0.7.4=py36hf512f8e_0
  - appnope==0.1.0=py36hf537a9a_0
  - scipy==1.1.0=py36h28f7352_1
  - cvxopt==1.2.0=py36hb579ef3_0
  - jupyter_core==4.4.0=py36h79cf704_0
  - dsdp==5.8=hb579ef3_0
  - ncurses==6.1=h0a44026_0
  - tk==8.6.8=ha441bb4_0
  - ecos==2.0.5=py36hf9b3073_0
  - wcwidth==0.1.7=py36h8c6ec74_0
  - scikit-learn==0.20.1=py36h4f467ca_0
  - libopenblas==0.3.3=hdc02c5d_2
  - traitlets==4.3.2=py36h65bd3ce_0
  - libsodium==1.0.16=h3efe00b_0
  - ipython_genutils==0.2.0=py36h241746c_0
  - fastcache==1.0.2=py36h1de35cc_2
  - numpy==1.15.4=py36h6a91979_0
  - numpy-base==1.15.4=py36h8a80b8c_0
  - zlib==1.2.11=hf3cbc9b_2
  - libffi==3.2.1=h475c297_4
  - pygments==2.2.0=py36h240cd3f_0
  - icu==58.2=h0a44026_1000
  - gsl==2.4=h1de35cc_4
  - libcxx==4.0.1=h579ed51_0
  - suitesparse==5.2.0=he235d88_0
  - zeromq==4.2.5=h378b8a2_0

不，PyPI 不是问题。反而，它失败了，因为 YAML 包含特定于平台的构建约束，但您正在跨平台传输。具体来说，检查失败包的内部版本号（例如，six=py36h0e22d5e_1），我可以看到它们对应于来自osx-64平台，但您正在尝试安装在linux-64平台，因此构建约束是无法解决的。

省略构建信息

最简单的解决方案是从环境定义导出中省略构建信息。

conda env export -n py36 -f py36.yml --no-builds

如果某些软件包在以下平台上不可用，则仍然可能存在问题linux-64通过康达。如果是这种情况，您可能需要寻找其他渠道（或检查 PyPI）、切换版本或完全删除依赖项。不过，大多数包装看起来都是标准的。

不太重要，但您可以安全地删除cvxgrp从您的渠道。该频道仅提供过时版本cvxopt并且只为osx-64.

仅明确规格

另一个定义更宽松的选项是仅输出 Conda 所指的内容明确的规格。这些仅表示用户明确请求的那些要求。这包括包，但也捕获用户在某个时刻提供的任何版本约束等。

conda env export -n py36 -f py36.yml --from-history

这里的优点是任何特定于平台的依赖关系都将被忽略。