linux redhat 离线安装 mysql 8.0.20

官方文档
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-rpm.html

以下操作都是用 root 用户操作
另配置文件是使用mysqld --initialize 生成的/etc/my.cnf 默认的配置
不做修改只做了添加

1查看Linux系统版本的命令:
lsb_release -a
redhat 6.4

2首先检测一下，mysql之前有没有被安装命令:
rpm -qa | grep mysql

3删除mysql的命令:
rpm -e --nodeps `rpm -qa | grep mysql`

4下载地址：
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
选择跟自己操作系统一样（系统版本号也要一样）的mysql8的版本
包名 mysql-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
其中el6 代表红帽redhat 6.X

5上传tar 包到mysql用户的文件夹下
放在/user/local/mysql

6解压
tar xvf mysql-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
解压出来的.rpm有7个我们只安装四个

8安装rpm包的有四个,按照以下固定测序执行如下命令(他们之间有依赖关系)
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

在执行
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
报错
error:Failed dependencies:
        libcrypto.so.10(OPENSSL_1.0.1_EC)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64
        libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64
        libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64
意思是安装mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64 缺少以上相关的依赖包
下载网址
https://pkgs.org/download/
或
https://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php

下载 
openssl-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64.rpm
执行命令
rpm -Uvh openssl-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
安装成功后
重新执行
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
成功后继续执行
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

9初始化
mysqld --initialize
10编辑编辑 /etc/my.cnf
添加
[mysql]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

11启动
service mysqld start
报错
InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
使用命令解决

执行：
setenforce 0 
再启动

service mysqld start
报错
The innodb_system data file 'ibdata1' must be writable
使用命令解决
chmod -R 777 /var/lib/mysql
再启动

service mysqld start
查看进程
ps aux | grep mysql 

11然后用 mysql -uroot -p 连接登录 临时密码在 /var/log/mysql.log

12修改密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';

13授权远程登录
use mysql;
update user set host='%' where user ='root';
14刷新权限
flush privileges;
15去除身份验证，防止maxwell无法连接，可能需要执行两遍
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';

备注：
如果在11步骤报错
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock'
检查
/etc/my.cnf内容
[mysql]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
与
[mysqld]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
是否一致

本次安装初步了解mysql的基本安装my.cnf 各参数的意义，未做任何优化