20230904 QT客户端服务器搭建聊天室

Ser

cpp
=================================================================
#include "app.h"
#include "ui_app.h"

APP::APP(QWidget *parent):QWidget(parent),ui(new Ui::APP)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    this->resize(550,400);

    ui->Line->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);//标签文本对齐方式 居中
    ui->Line->setFont(QFont("楷体",10));
    ui->LB1->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);//标签文本对齐方式 居中
    ui->LB1->setFont(QFont("楷体",13));
    //ui->Listw->setFont(QFont("楷体",8));
    ui->SB1->setFont(QFont("华文行楷",15));

    server = new QTcpServer(this); //创建服务器server

}

APP::~APP()
{
    delete ui;
}

//Start服务器按钮对应的槽函数
void APP::on_SB1_clicked()
{
    //获取UI界面的port号
    quint16 port = ui->Line->text().toUInt();

   //服务器设定为监听状态
   //bool QTcpServer::listen(const QHostAddress &address = QHostAddress::Any,quint16 port = 0)
   //参数1：监听的主地址，any=>所有的;也可给定特定的地址进行监听
   //参数2：通过指定的端口号进行访问服务器，若为0，则表示由服务器自动分配，若非0则表示指定端口号
   //返回值，成功<=true;失败<=false;
    if(!server->listen(QHostAddress::Any,port))
    {
        QMessageBox::critical(this,"失败","Server启动失败");
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        QMessageBox::about(this,"成功","启动成功");
    }

    //Server启动成功，对客户端进行监听
    //有客户端发送来的链接请求，服务器会自动发送一个newConenction信号
    //将该信号连接到对应的槽函数中处理相关逻辑
    connect(server,&QTcpServer::newConnection,this,&APP::newConnection_slot);



}
void APP::newConnection_slot()//处理newConnection信号的槽函数的实现
{
    qDebug() <<"Cli连接了请求了";

    //获取最新链接的客户端套接字
    //原型 [virtual] QTcpsocket *QTcpseicer::nextPendingConnection()
    //参数：无
    //返回值:最新链接客户端套接字的指针
    QTcpSocket *s = server->nextPendingConnection();

    clientList.push_back(s);//将获取到的套接字存放到客户端的容器中

    //此时已经链接上客户端了
    //如果该套接字有数据数据项服务器发送过来，则该套接字就会自动发射一个readyRead信号
    //用该信号处理相关函数
    connect(s,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,this,&APP::readyRead_slot);
}

void APP::readyRead_slot()//关于readyRead信号对应的槽函数
{
    //排除客户端链表中无效的客户端套接字
    for(int i=0;i<clientList.count();i++)
    {
        //判断套接字状态
        //原型：SocketState state() const
        //功能：返回客户端套接字状态
        //参数：无
        //返回值：客户端的状态，若结果为，则表示未链接
        if(clientList[i]->state() == 0)
        {
            clientList.removeAt(i);//若为，则removed掉
        }

    }

    //便利所有的客户端查看哪个客户端发来的数据
    for(int i=0;i<clientList.count();i++)
    {
        //原型：qint64 bytesAvailiable() const override
        //功能：返回客户端套接字中可读的字节个数
        //参数：无
        //返回值：当前客户端的可读的字节个数，若结果为，则表示无数据可读
        if(clientList[i]->bytesAvailable() != 0)
        {
            //读取当前客户端的相关数据
            //原型：QByteArray readAll()
            //功能：读取当前套接字中的所有数据，返回一个字节数组
            //参数：无
            //返回值：返回的字节数组
            QByteArray msg = clientList[i]->readAll();

            //数据=>UI界面上
            ui->Listw->addItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit(msg));

            //接收到的消息，发送给所有的客户端
            for(int j=0;j<clientList.count();j++)
            {
                clientList[j]->write(msg);
            }
        }

    }
}
.h
=================================================================
#ifndef APP_H
#define APP_H
//头文件
#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpServer>//服务器
#include <QTcpSocket>//客户段
#include <QList>//链表   存放客户端的容器
#include <QDebug>
#include <QMessageBox>//消息



QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class APP; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class APP : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    APP(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~APP();

    //QList<QTcpServer *> clientList;

private slots:
    void on_SB1_clicked();
    void newConnection_slot();
    void readyRead_slot();

private:
    Ui::APP *ui;

    QTcpServer *server;
    QList<QTcpSocket *> clientList;
};
#endif // APP_H

T1.pro
=================================================================
QT       += core gui network

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

CONFIG += c++11

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any Qt feature that has been marked deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

SOURCES += \
    main.cpp \
    app.cpp

HEADERS += \
    app.h

FORMS += \
    app.ui

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target
mian.cpp
=================================================================
#include "app.h"

#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    APP w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

Cli

cpp
=================================================================
#include "cli.h"
#include "ui_cli.h"

Cli::Cli(QWidget *parent):QWidget(parent),ui(new Ui::Cli)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    socket = new QTcpSocket(this);//客户端指针实例化空间
    ui->USER->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);//标签文本对齐方式 居中
    ui->USER->setFont(QFont("楷体",10));
    ui->USERed->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);//标签文本对齐方式 居中
    ui->USERed->setFont(QFont("楷体",10));
    ui->IP->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);//标签文本对齐方式 居中
    ui->IP->setFont(QFont("楷体",10));
    ui->IPed->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);//标签文本对齐方式 居中
    ui->IPed->setFont(QFont("楷体",10));
    ui->PORT->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);//标签文本对齐方式 居中
    ui->PORT->setFont(QFont("楷体",10));
    ui->PORTed->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);//标签文本对齐方式 居中
    ui->PORTed->setFont(QFont("楷体",10));
    ui->msged->setFont(QFont("等线",10));
    ui->connectSB1_2->setFont(QFont("华文行楷",15));
    ui->disconnectSB2_2->setFont(QFont("华文行楷",15));
    ui->sendSB3->setFont(QFont("华文行楷",15));

    //connect(ui->connectSB1_2,&QPushButton::clicked,this,&Cli::readyRead_slot);

    //如果链接Server成功(只链接一次)，客户端就会发射一个connected的信号，将该信号链接槽函数
    connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::connected,this,&Cli::connect_slot);

    //客户端与服务器链接成功后，若服务器向客户端发送来数据，则客户端就会自动发射一个readyRead信号
    //Ser<=>Cli,if(Ser=>),CLi=>readyRead
    connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,this,&Cli::readyRead_slot);

    //客户端与服务器链接成功后，客户端就会自动发射一个disconnected信号
    connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::disconnected,this,&Cli::disconnected_slot);
}

Cli::~Cli()
{
    delete ui;
}


void Cli::on_connectSB1_2_clicked()
{
    //userName = ui->USERed->text();//get USER
    QString s1 = "八嘎";
    userName = s1;
    //QString hostName = ui->IPed->text();//get IP
    QString s2 = "192.168.124.72";
    QString hostName = s2;
    quint16 port = ui->PORTed->text().toUInt();//get PORT

    qDebug() << "获取信息-----";
    //链接主机
    socket->connectToHost(hostName,port);
    qDebug() << "链接成功";

    //if链接服务器成功，Cli发送一个connect信号,由于该链接之链接一次所以写于构造函数中
}

void Cli::connect_slot()
{
    QMessageBox::information(this,"连线","链接成功");

    QString msg = userName + ":进入聊天室";

    socket->write(msg.toLocal8Bit());
}

void Cli::readyRead_slot()
{
    //读取客户端的数据
    QByteArray msg = socket->readAll();
    //数据展示在UI界面上
    ui->Listw->addItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit(msg));
}

void Cli::on_sendSB3_clicked()
{
    //获取ui界面输入的内容
    QString m = ui->msged->text();

    //整合信息
    QString msg = userName + ": " + m;

    socket->write(msg.toLocal8Bit());
}

void Cli::on_disconnectSB2_2_clicked()//断开服务器
{
    //准备要发送的信息
    QString msg = userName + ": 离开聊天室";
    socket->write(msg.toLocal8Bit());

    socket->disconnectFromHost();

    //断开后，客户端自动发送一个disconnect信号=>将该connect信号与槽函数链接
}

void Cli::disconnected_slot()
{
    QMessageBox::information(this,"断开链接","断开成功");
}

void Cli::on_SB4_clicked()
{
    ui->Listw->clear();
}
.h
=================================================================
#ifndef CLI_H
#define CLI_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpServer>//服务器
#include <QTcpSocket>//客户段
#include <QList>//链表   存放客户端的容器
#include <QDebug>
#include <QMessageBox>//消息

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Cli; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class Cli : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Cli(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Cli();

private slots:
    void on_connectSB1_2_clicked();
    void connect_slot();//处理connect信号的槽函数
    void readyRead_slot();//处理readyRead信号的槽函数

    void on_sendSB3_clicked();//发送数据

    void on_disconnectSB2_2_clicked();//断开服务器

    void disconnected_slot();//disconnected信号 断开服务器提示
    void on_SB4_clicked();

private:
    Ui::Cli *ui;

    //QTcpServer *server;
    QTcpSocket *socket;
    QString userName;

};
#endif // CLI_H
.pro
=================================================================
QT       += core gui network

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

CONFIG += c++11

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any Qt feature that has been marked deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

SOURCES += \
    main.cpp \
    cli.cpp

HEADERS += \
    cli.h

FORMS += \
    cli.ui

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target
.main
=================================================================
#include "cli.h"

#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Cli w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}