3.12生产者消费者模型(pthread_cond_t、sem_t)

生产者消费者模型

生产者不能在容器满了继续生产

消费者不能在容器为空的时候消费

/*
    生产者消费者模型(粗略的版本)
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>

//创建一个互斥量
pthread_mutex_t mutex;

struct Node
{
    int num;
    struct Node *next;
};

//头节点
struct Node *head=NULL;

void *product(void *arg){
    
    //不断的创建新的节点，添加到链表中
    while(1){
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        struct Node * newNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof (struct Node));
        newNode->next=head;
        head=newNode;
        newNode->num=rand()%1000;
        printf("add node,num:%d,tid:%ld\n",newNode->num,pthread_self());
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        usleep(100);
    }
    return NULL;
}

void *customer(void *arg){
    while(1){
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        struct Node *tmp=head;
        if(head!=NULL){
            head=head->next;
            printf("del node,num %d,tid:%ld\n",tmp->num,pthread_self());
            free(tmp);
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
            usleep(100);
        }
        else
        {
            //没有数据
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}
int main()
{
    pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL);

    //创建5个生产者线程，5个消费者模型
    pthread_t ptids[5],ctids[5];

    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
        pthread_create(&ptids[i],NULL,product,NULL);
        pthread_create(&ctids[i],NULL,customer,NULL);
    }

    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
        pthread_detach(ptids[i]);
        pthread_detach(ctids[i]);
    }

    while(1) {
        sleep(10);
    }
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);

    pthread_exit(NULL);
    return 0;
}

通过设置条件变量来在没有资料的时候消费者等待生产者来生产

/*
    条件变量的类型 pthread_cond_t
    int pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *restrict cond, const pthread_condattr_t *restrict attr);
    int pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *cond);
    int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *restrict cond, pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex);
        - 等待，调用了该函数，线程会阻塞。
    int pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *restrict cond, pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex, const struct timespec *restrict abstime);
        - 等待多长时间，调用了这个函数，线程会阻塞，直到指定的时间结束。
    int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *cond);
        - 唤醒一个或者多个等待的线程
    int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *cond);
        - 唤醒所有的等待的线程
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

// 创建一个互斥量
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
// 创建条件变量
pthread_cond_t cond;

struct Node{
    int num;
    struct Node *next;
};

// 头结点
struct Node * head = NULL;

void * producer(void * arg) {

    // 不断的创建新的节点，添加到链表中
    while(1) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        struct Node * newNode = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
        newNode->next = head;
        head = newNode;
        newNode->num = rand() % 1000;
        printf("add node, num : %d, tid : %ld\n", newNode->num, pthread_self());
        
        // 只要生产了一个，就通知消费者消费
        pthread_cond_signal(&cond);

        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        usleep(100);
    }

    return NULL;
}

void * customer(void * arg) {

    while(1) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        // 保存头结点的指针
        struct Node * tmp = head;
        // 判断是否有数据
        if(head != NULL) {
            // 有数据
            head = head->next;
            printf("del node, num : %d, tid : %ld\n", tmp->num, pthread_self());
            free(tmp);
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
            usleep(100);
        } else {
            // 没有数据，需要等待
            // 当这个函数调用阻塞的时候，会对互斥锁进行解锁，当不阻塞的，继续向下执行，会重新加锁。
            pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        }
    }
    return  NULL;
}

int main() {

    pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);
    pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);

    // 创建5个生产者线程，和5个消费者线程
    pthread_t ptids[5], ctids[5];

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        pthread_create(&ptids[i], NULL, producer, NULL);
        pthread_create(&ctids[i], NULL, customer, NULL);
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        pthread_detach(ptids[i]);
        pthread_detach(ctids[i]);
    }

    while(1) {
        sleep(10);
    }

    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
    pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);

    pthread_exit(NULL);

    return 0;
}

信号量解决

/*
    信号量的类型 sem_t
    int sem_init(sem_t *sem, int pshared, unsigned int value);
        - 初始化信号量
        - 参数：
            - sem : 信号量变量的地址
            - pshared : 0 用在线程间 ，非0 用在进程间
            - value : 信号量中的值

    int sem_destroy(sem_t *sem);
        - 释放资源

    int sem_wait(sem_t *sem);
        - 对信号量加锁，调用一次对信号量的值-1，如果值为0，就阻塞

    int sem_trywait(sem_t *sem);

    int sem_timedwait(sem_t *sem, const struct timespec *abs_timeout);
    int sem_post(sem_t *sem);
        - 对信号量解锁，调用一次对信号量的值+1

    int sem_getvalue(sem_t *sem, int *sval);

    sem_t psem;
    sem_t csem;
    init(psem, 0, 8);
    init(csem, 0, 0);

    producer() {
        sem_wait(&psem);
        sem_post(&csem)
    }

    customer() {
        sem_wait(&csem);
        sem_post(&psem)
    }

*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

// 创建一个互斥量
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
// 创建两个信号量
sem_t psem;
sem_t csem;

struct Node{
    int num;
    struct Node *next;
};

// 头结点
struct Node * head = NULL;

void * producer(void * arg) {

    // 不断的创建新的节点，添加到链表中
    while(1) {
        sem_wait(&psem);
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        struct Node * newNode = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
        newNode->next = head;
        head = newNode;
        newNode->num = rand() % 1000;
        printf("add node, num : %d, tid : %ld\n", newNode->num, pthread_self());
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        sem_post(&csem);
    }

    return NULL;
}

void * customer(void * arg) {

    while(1) {
        sem_wait(&csem);
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        // 保存头结点的指针
        struct Node * tmp = head;
        head = head->next;
        printf("del node, num : %d, tid : %ld\n", tmp->num, pthread_self());
        free(tmp);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        sem_post(&psem);
       
    }
    return  NULL;
}

int main() {

    pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);
    sem_init(&psem, 0, 8);
    sem_init(&csem, 0, 0);

    // 创建5个生产者线程，和5个消费者线程
    pthread_t ptids[5], ctids[5];

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        pthread_create(&ptids[i], NULL, producer, NULL);
        pthread_create(&ctids[i], NULL, customer, NULL);
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        pthread_detach(ptids[i]);
        pthread_detach(ctids[i]);
    }

    while(1) {
        sleep(10);
    }

    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);

    pthread_exit(NULL);

    return 0;
}