1、安装服务器
sudo apt-get install vsftpd
如果有错误，先执行
apt update
2、创建用户（Linux下的用户）
创建专用目录
mkdir /home/ftp
命令添加ftp用户
sudo useradd -d /home/ftp/uftp -M uftp // 用户名为uftp
sudo passwd uftp //设置密码
chown ftp_mofeng:ftp_mofeng /home/ftp/ftp_mofeng/
chomd 777 -r /home/ftp/uftp(这个也行)
命令格式解析
-d：设置用户文件夹
-m：设置用户名
其他命令
##限定用户test不能telnet，只能ftp
usermod -s /sbin/nologin uftp
##用户test恢复正常
usermod -s /sbin/bash uftp
##更改用户test的主目录为/test
usermod -d /home/ftp/uftp uftp
3、修改配置文件
将上面新建用户添加到里面，一行一个
sudo vi /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
sudo vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
配置文件全部内容(替换即可)
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
listen_ipv6=YES
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
#这个是设置是否允许匿名登录ftp服务器，不允许。
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
#是否允许本机用户登录
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
#允许上传文件到ftp服务器
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
#local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
#chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows) 允许chroot_list文件中配置的用户登录此ftp服务器。
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Customization
#
# Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
# default.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
ssl_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
#utf8_filesystem=YES
#配置ftp服务器的上传下载文件所在的目录。
local_root=/home/ftp/
#被动模式的端口范围
pasv_min_port=1025
pasv_max_port=2025
#this directory is for ftp server to save download or upload data
配置文件其他部分详解
# 禁止匿名用户登录
anonymous_enable=NO
# 允许系统用户登录
local_enable=YES
# 启用可以修改文件的 FTP 命令
write_enable=YES
# 本地用户创建文件的 umask 值
local_umask=022
# 允许为目录配置显示信息,显示每个目录下面的message_file文件的内容
dirmessage_enable=YES
# 开启日记功能
xferlog_enable=YES
# 使用标准的20端口来连接ftp
connect_from_port_20=YES
# 使用标准日志格式
xferlog_std_format=YES
# ftp服务器将处于独立启动模式
listen=YES
# 设置一个本地用户登录后进入到的目录
local_root=/home/ftp/ftp_mofeng
# 设置PAM认证服务的配置文件名称，该文件保存在“/etc/pam.d/”目录下
pam_service_name=vsftpd
# ftp将检查userlist_file设置文件中指定的用户是否可以访问vsftpd服务器
userlist_enable=YES
# 只允许user_list文件中记录的ftp用户能登录vsftp服务，其他的ftp用户都不可以登录。
userlist_deny=NO
# 定义限制/允许用户登录的文件
userlist_file=/etc/ftpusers
# ftp服务器将使用tcp_wrappers作为主机访问控制模式
tcp_wrappers=YES
# 连接ftp服务器使用的端口
listen_port=21
#（ chroot jail是类unix系统中的一种安全机制，用于修改进程运行的根目录环境，限制该线程不能感知到其根目录树以外的其他目录结构和文件的存在。（详情参看chroot jail）。
# 有时我们需要设置根目录（chroot）环境来禁止用户离开他们的家（home）目录。
# 在配置文件中增加/修改下面配置开启根目录限制（Chroot Jail）
#（“chroot_list_file”变量指定根目录限制所包含的文件/目录（ 即用户只能访问这些文件/目录））
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file= /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
备注
# 欢迎标语
ftpd_banner=Welcome to use my test ftp server.
# 接下来的三条配置很重要
# chroot_local_user设置了YES，那么所有的用户默认将被chroot，
# 也就用户目录被限制在了自己的home下，无法向上改变目录。
# chroot_list_enable设置了YES，即让chroot用户列表有效。
# ★超重要：如果chroot_local_user设置了YES，那么chroot_list_file
# 设置的文件里，是不被chroot的用户(可以向上改变目录)
# ★超重要：如果chroot_local_user设置了NO，那么chroot_list_file
# 设置的文件里，是被chroot的用户(无法向上改变目录)
4、启动服务
# 启动ftp服务
service vsftpd start
# 查看ftp服务状态
service vsftpd status
# 重启ftp服务
service vsftpd restart
# 关闭ftp服务
service vsftpd stop
