爬取起点网站图书信息（书名、作者、简介、图片url）

# 爬取qidian网站图书信息（书名、作者、简介、图片url）
import requests
from lxml import etree
import json

class BookSpider(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://www.qidian.com/finish?action=hidden&orderId=&style=1&pageSize=20&siteid=1&pubflag=0&hiddenField=2&page={}'
        self.headers = {
            'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.88 Safari/537.36'
        }
        self.data_list = []
    # 1、构建所有url
    def get_url_list(self):
        url_list = []
        for i in range(1,6):
            url = self.url.format(i)
            url_list.append(url)
        return url_list
    # 2、发请求
    def send_request(self,url):
        data = requests.get(url,headers=self.headers).content.decode()
        print(url)
        return data
    # 3、解析数据 xpath
    def parse_xpath_data(self,data):
        parse_data = etree.HTML(data)
        # 1、解析出所有的书
        book_list = parse_data.xpath('//div[@class="book-img-text"]/ul/li')
        # 2、解析出每本书的信息
        for book in book_list:
            book_dict = {}
            # 1、书名字
            book_dict['book_name'] = book.xpath('.//div[@class="book-mid-info"]/h4/a/text()')[0]
            # book_name = book.xpath('//div[@class="book-mid-info"]/h4/a/text()') # //div前不加 . 解析（查找）的是全部范围  ，加 . 是再上一次解析（book）基础上继续解析（查询）
            # 2、书的图片url
            book_dict['book_img_url'] = book.xpath('.//div[@class="book-img-box"]/a/img/@src')[0]
            # 3、书的作者
            book_dict['book_author'] = book.xpath('.//div[@class="book-mid-info"]/p[@class="author"]/a[@class="name"]/text()')[0]
            # 4、书的简介
            book_dict['book_info'] = book.xpath('.//div[@class="book-mid-info"]/p[@class="intro"]/text()')[0].strip() #加strip（）去空格
            self.data_list.append(book_dict)
    # 4、保存数据
    def save_data(self):
        json.dump(self.data_list,open('book.json','w'))
    # 5、统筹调用
    def start(self):
        url_list = self.get_url_list()
        # 循环遍历，发送请求
        for url in url_list:
            data = self.send_request(url)
            self.parse_xpath_data(data)
            self.save_data()
BookSpider().start()