1. 菜单功能
功能描述:用户选择功能的界面
步骤:
- 封装函数showMenu()显示该界面
- 在main函数中调用封装好的函数
//菜单界面
void showMenu()
{
cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 0、退出通讯录 *****" << endl;
}
int main()
{
showMenu();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
2. 退出功能
功能描述:退出通讯录系统
思路:根据用户不同的选择,进入不同的功能,可以选择switch分支结构,将整个架构进行搭建
当用户选择0时候,执行退出,选择其他先不做操作,也不会退出程序
int main()
{
int select = 0; //创建用户选择输入的变量
while (1)
{
//菜单调用
showMenu();
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
case 1: //1、添加联系人
break;
case 2: //2、显示联系人
break;
case 3: //3、删除联系人
break;
case 4: //4、查找联系人
break;
case 5: //5、修改联系人
break;
case 6: //6、清空联系人
break;
case 0: //0、退出通讯录
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
3. 添加联系人
功能描述:实现添加联系人功能,联系人上限式1000人,联系人信息包括(姓名,性别,年龄,联系电话,家庭住址)
实现步骤:
- 设计联系人结构体
- 设计通讯录结构体
- main函数中创建通讯录
- 封装添加联系人函数
- 测试
3.1 设计结构体
设计如下:
//设计联系人结构体
struct Person
{
string m_Name;
int m_Sex;
int m_Age;
string m_Phone;
string m_Addr;
};
//设计通讯结构体
struct Addrbooks
{
//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
Person personArray[MAX];
//通讯录中当前记录的联系人个数
int m_Size;
};
3.2 封装添加联系人函数
//1、添加联系人
void addPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
//判断通讯录是否已经满了
if (abs->m_Size == MAX)
{
cout << "通讯录已满,无法添加";
return;
}
else
{
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:";
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;
//性别
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别:(1--男;0--女) ";
while (1)
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 0 || sex == 1)
{
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
else
{
cout << "输入性别非法,请重新输入" << endl;
}
}
//年龄
int age;
cout << "请输入年龄:";
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入联系电话:";
cin >> phone;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = phone;
//家庭住址
string add;
cout << "请输入家庭住址:";
cin >> add;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = add;
//更新通讯录人数
abs->m_Size++;
cout << "添加成功!" << endl;
//调用系统函数进行清屏操作
system("cls"); //任意键清屏
}
}
4. 显示联系人
功能描述:显示通讯录中已有的联系人
//2、显示联系人
void showPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
//判断通讯录中人数是否为0,如果为0,提示通讯录为空
if (abs->m_Size == 0)
cout << "通讯录为空!" << endl;
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name <<"\t";
/*if (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1)
cout << "性别:" << "男" << "\t";
else if (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 0)
cout << "性别:" << "女" << "\t";*/
cout << "性别:" << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女" )<< "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "住址:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
5. 删除联系人
功能描述:按照姓名进行删除指定联系人
删除联系人实现步骤:
5.1 检测联系人是否存在
思路:删除联系人之前,先判断用户输入的联系人是否存在,如果存在则删除,否则提示用户没有要删除的联系人
所有可以把联系人是否存在封装在一个函数之中,如果存在,返回联系人在通讯录中的位置,不存在返回-1
//3.1 检测
/*
参数1:通讯录地址
参数2:人名
*/
int isExists(Addrbooks * abs,string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
return i; //找到返回下标
}
return -1; //没找到返回-1
}
5.2 删除联系人
根据用户输入的联系人判断该通讯录中是否有此人
查找则进行删除,并提示删除成功
查不到则显示查无此人
//3、删除指定联系人
void deletePerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入要删除的联系人" << " ";
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExists(abs, name);
if (ret == -1)
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
else
{
//数据前移进行覆盖,相当于删除
for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
abs->m_Size--; //更新通讯录中的人员数
cout << "删除成功!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
6. 查找联系人
功能描述:按照姓名查看指定联系人信息
查找联系人实现步骤
思路:判断用户指定的联系人是否存在,如果存在则显示信息,否则查无此人
//4、查找指定联系人
void findPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入你要查找的联系人:";
string name;
cin >> name;
//判断指定联系人是否存在
int ret = isExists(abs, name);
if (ret != -1)
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name << "\t";
cout << "性别:" << (abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "住址:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
}
else
cout << "查无此人!" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
7. 修改联系人
功能描述:按照姓名重新修改指定联系人
实现思路:查找用户输入的联系人,如果查找成功进行修改操作,查找失败提示查无此人
//5、修改联系人
void modifyPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入要修改的联系人:";
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExists(abs, name);
if (ret != -1)
{
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:";
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name;
//性别
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别:(1--男;0--女) ";
while (1)
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 0 || sex == 1)
{
abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
else
cout << "输入性别非法,请重新输入" << endl;
}
//年龄
int age;
cout << "请输入年龄:";
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age;
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入联系电话:";
cin >> phone;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = phone;
//家庭住址
string add;
cout << "请输入家庭住址:";
cin >> add;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = add;
}
else
cout << "查无此人!" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
8. 清空联系人
功能描述:清空通讯录中所有信息
实现思路:将通讯录所有联系人信息清除,只将通讯录记录的联系人数清0即可
//6、清空联系人
void cleanPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
abs->m_Size = 0; //作逻辑清空
cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
完整代码
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
#define MAX 1000
//菜单界面
void showMenu()
{
cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 0、退出通讯录 *****" << endl;
cout << "**************************************" << endl;
}
//设计联系人结构体
struct Person
{
string m_Name;
int m_Sex;
int m_Age;
string m_Phone;
string m_Addr;
};
//设计通讯结构体
struct Addrbooks
{
//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
Person personArray[MAX];
//通讯录中当前记录的联系人个数
int m_Size;
};
//1、添加联系人
void addPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
//判断通讯录是否已经满了
if (abs->m_Size == MAX)
{
cout << "通讯录已满,无法添加";
return;
}
else
{
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:";
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;
//性别
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别:(1--男;0--女) ";
while (1)
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 0 || sex == 1)
{
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
else
{
cout << "输入性别非法,请重新输入" << endl;
}
}
//年龄
int age;
cout << "请输入年龄:";
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入联系电话:";
cin >> phone;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = phone;
//家庭住址
string add;
cout << "请输入家庭住址:";
cin >> add;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = add;
//更新通讯录人数
abs->m_Size++;
cout << "添加成功!" << endl;
//调用系统函数进行清屏操作
system("pause"); //任意键继续
system("cls"); //任意键清屏
}
}
//2、显示联系人
void showPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
//判断通讯录中人数是否为0,如果为0,提示通讯录为空
if (abs->m_Size == 0)
cout << "通讯录为空!" << endl;
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name <<"\t";
/*if (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1)
cout << "性别:" << "男" << "\t";
else if (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 0)
cout << "性别:" << "女" << "\t";*/
cout << "性别:" << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女" )<< "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "住址:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//3.1 检测
/*
参数1:通讯录地址
参数2:人名
*/
int isExists(Addrbooks * abs,string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
return i; //找到返回下标
}
return -1; //没找到返回-1
}
//3、删除指定联系人
void deletePerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入要删除的联系人" << " ";
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExists(abs, name);
if (ret == -1)
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
else
{
//数据前移进行覆盖,相当于删除
for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
abs->m_Size--; //更新通讯录中的人员数
cout << "删除成功!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//4、查找指定联系人
void findPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入你要查找的联系人:";
string name;
cin >> name;
//判断指定联系人是否存在
int ret = isExists(abs, name);
if (ret != -1)
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name << "\t";
cout << "性别:" << (abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "住址:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
}
else
cout << "查无此人!" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//5、修改联系人
void modifyPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入要修改的联系人:";
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExists(abs, name);
if (ret != -1)
{
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:";
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name;
//性别
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别:(1--男;0--女) ";
while (1)
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 0 || sex == 1)
{
abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
else
cout << "输入性别非法,请重新输入" << endl;
}
//年龄
int age;
cout << "请输入年龄:";
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age;
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入联系电话:";
cin >> phone;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = phone;
//家庭住址
string add;
cout << "请输入家庭住址:";
cin >> add;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = add;
}
else
cout << "查无此人!" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//6、清空联系人
void cleanPerson(Addrbooks * abs)
{
abs->m_Size = 0; //作逻辑清空
cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
int main()
{
//创建通讯录结构体变量
Addrbooks abs;
//初始化通讯录中当前人员个数
abs.m_Size = 0;
int select = 0; //创建用户选择输入的变量
while (1)
{
//菜单调用
showMenu();
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
case 1: //1、添加联系人
//调用添加联系人函数
addPerson(&abs); //因为值传递不修饰实参,所以一定要使用地址传递
break;
case 2: //2、显示联系人
showPerson(&abs);
break;
case 3: //3、删除联系人
deletePerson(&abs);
break;
case 4: //4、查找联系人
findPerson(&abs);
break;
case 5: //5、修改联系人
modifyPerson(&abs);
break;
case 6: //6、清空联系人
cleanPerson(&abs);
break;
case 0: //0、退出通讯录
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}