Kali Linux 安装英伟达显卡驱动和CUDA套件 // Debian // Ubuntu
1. 检查仓库源
确保仓库包含contrib和non-free部分。Kali默认就有此部分。Debian可能需要自己手动添加，建议检查下为好。
-
检查是否包括contrib和non-free
grep "contrib non-free" /etc/apt/sources.list
-
如果没有的话，需要手动添加。源文件在/etc/apt/sources.list
apt edit-sources
或
vim /etc/apt/sources.list
-
更新软件包
apt update && apt full-upgrade -y
2. 检查显卡
查看显卡信息和驱动信息。
┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─
09:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB] (rev a1)
┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─
09:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: ZOTAC International (MCO) Ltd. GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB]
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 80, IOMMU group 15
Memory at f6000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
Memory at f0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]
I/O ports at e000 [size=128]
Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [78] Express Legacy Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [250] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [128] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [420] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [600] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?>
Capabilities: [900] Secondary PCI Express
Kernel driver in use: nouveau
Kernel modules: nouveau
┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─
-
对于笔记本电脑或者迷你主机等有集成显卡的设备。主显示卡或许使用的是集成显卡，那么在lspci | grep -i vga这一步就不会显示nvidia独显。下面命令可以查看主显示卡是哪一个。
kali@kali:~$ lspci | grep -i vga
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 620 (rev 02)
-
为了查看nvidia显卡，可以安装nvidia-detect，并运行此软件。
┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─
┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─
Detected NVIDIA GPUs:
09:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB] [10de:1c03] (rev a1)
Checking card: NVIDIA Corporation GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB] (rev a1)
Uh oh. Failed to identify your Debian suite.
3. 安装
-
上一步检查出来的信息中，Kernel driver in use和Kernel modules显示的是nouveau。说明现在使用的是开源通用驱动，而我们现在要安装nvidia闭源驱动和CUDA套件。
apt install -y nvidia-driver nvidia-cuda-toolkit
-
安装过程中会提示以下信息
─────────────────────────────────┤ Configuring xserver-xorg-video-nvidia ├─────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ Conflicting nouveau kernel module loaded │
│ │
│ The free nouveau kernel module is currently loaded and conflicts with the non-free nvidia kernel module. │
│ │
│ The easiest way to fix this is to reboot the machine once the installation has finished. │
│ │
│ <Ok> │
│ │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
-
重启电脑
reboot
4. 确认
检查nvidia驱动和CUDA套件是否安装成功。
┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─
Thu Aug 4 23:29:36 2022
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 470.129.06 Driver Version: 470.129.06 CUDA Version: 11.4 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
| | | MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 NVIDIA GeForce ... Off | 00000000:09:00.0 On | N/A |
| 0% 55C P0 33W / 190W | 396MiB / 6075MiB | 1% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: |
| GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory |
| ID ID Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| 0 N/A N/A 1078 G /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg 191MiB |
| 0 N/A N/A 1474 G xfwm4 2MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─
09:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB] (rev a1)
┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─
09:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: ZOTAC International (MCO) Ltd. GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB]
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 86, IOMMU group 15
Memory at f6000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
Memory at f0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]
I/O ports at e000 [size=128]
Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [78] Express Legacy Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [128] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [420] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [600] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?>
Capabilities: [900] Secondary PCI Express
Kernel driver in use: nvidia
Kernel modules: nvidia
查看显卡详细信息，例如温度、转速、内存占用等。
nvidia-smi -i 0 -q
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